On Multiple Alleles Effecting Cellular Antigens in the Chicken

Briles, W. E.; McGibbon, W. H.; Irwin, M. R.

doi:10.1093/genetics/35.6.633

Cited by 257 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This over-representation of select genotypes among affected birds is suggestive of a potential MHC influence on the outcome of disease. The avian MHC, originally identified serologically as an extensively polymorphic erythrocyte antigen or blood group system, has three closely linked major loci, B-F, B-L, and B-G. 4, 13, 17, 19 The B-F determinants and B-L immune response genes are equivalent to the mammalian class-I and class-II genes, respectively. However, the B-G erythrocyte-specific class IV alloantigens have not been identified in human or murine counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Avian Major Histocompatibility Complex Influences Bacterial Skeletal Disease in Broiler Breeder Chickens

et al. 2005

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Abstract. This study evaluated bacterial skeletal disease in conjunction with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in a genetically pure line of broiler breeder chickens. Chickens from six broiler breeder flocks were examined for skeletal lesions, bacterial pathogens, and MHC genotype. During a 10-week period, eightyeight, 9-to 21-week-old lame chickens and 34 normal, age-matched controls were selected. Tenosynovitis, arthritis, and femoral or tibiotarsal (or both) osteomyelitis occurred in 86 of 88 (97.7%) lame chickens. Ninetyfive bacterial isolates were obtained from 83 of 88 (94.3%) lame birds and 4 of 34 (11.8%) controls. Staphylococcus spp. was isolated from 72.6% of the skeletal lesions, predominantly Staphylococcus aureus (38.9%). MHC B complex genotypes were determined by hemagglutination for 88 lame birds, 34 controls, and 200 randomly selected birds from each of the six flocks (1,200 total). Combined chi-square analysis revealed that the homozygous MHC genotypes B A4/A4 ( 2 ϭ 14.54, P ϭ 0.0063) and B A12/A12 ( 2 ϭ 42.77, P ϭ 0.0001) were overrepresented in the sample of symptomatic birds compared with random samples from the same flocks. The homozygous A4 and A12 MHC genotypes influenced flock chi-square values more than the corresponding heterozygotes. An MHC B complex influence on bacterial skeletal disease was apparent in this line of broiler breeders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Avian Major Histocompatibility Complex Influences Bacterial Skeletal Disease in Broiler Breeder Chickens

et al. 2005

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“…TODD ( 1930) produced isoagglutinins by immunizing one chicken with the blood of another, and as a result of further experiments proposed (1931) that there existed individuality of the blood cells of a species. However, both KOZELKA (1933) and WIENER (1934) postulated that a restricted number of antigenic substances could explain the results of TODD.Two multiple allelic series of genes affecting cellular antigens of the chicken were described by BRILES, MCGIBBON and IRWIN (1950). Evidence was presented for the existence of nine alleles at the "A" locus, and for five alleles at the "B" locus.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Two multiple allelic series of genes affecting cellular antigens of the chicken were described by BRILES, MCGIBBON and IRWIN (1950). Evidence was presented for the existence of nine alleles at the "A" locus, and for five alleles at the "B" locus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general procedures were similar to those described by BRILES, MCGIBBON and IRWIN (1950). The immune sera were produced by the injection intravenously of one cc of citrated whole blood or a 50 percent cell suspension at three day intervals until a satisfactory titer was observed.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The agglutinations were performed in the manner described by BRILES, MC-GIBBON and IRWIN (1950). The readings of the agglutinations were made after the cell-reagent mixture had incubated for approximately iwo hours at room temperature, and again after storage in a refrigerator overnight.…”

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Additional Alleles Affecting Red Blood Cell Antigens in the Chicken

1959

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OLLOWING the report by BORDET (1898) that the serum of one species of F animal would often agglutinate the cells of other species, other workers observed individual differences in the cellular antigens of man (LANDSTEINER 1900), goats ( EHRLICH 1900) and cattle (TODD and WHITE 191 0). LANDSTEINER and MILLER (1924) detected individual differences in the cellular antigens of chickens by absorbing antichicken serum produced in rabbits with the blood cells of individuals. TODD ( 1930) produced isoagglutinins by immunizing one chicken with the blood of another, and as a result of further experiments proposed (1931) that there existed individuality of the blood cells of a species. However, both KOZELKA (1933) and WIENER (1934) postulated that a restricted number of antigenic substances could explain the results of TODD.Two multiple allelic series of genes affecting cellular antigens of the chicken were described by BRILES, MCGIBBON and IRWIN (1950). Evidence was presented for the existence of nine alleles at the "A" locus, and for five alleles at the "B" locus. A few tests for linkage of genes at either locus with the gene for dominant white ( I ) disclosed no significant association. However, BRILES, C., BRILES and QUISENBERRY (1950) noted a crossover frequency of 39.8 percent between the gene for crest ( C r ) and one affecting an antigenic substance called X,, which seemingly belonged in the A system. Since the genes I and Cr are linked with 12.5 crossover units (WARREN and HUTT 1936), linkage of the genes in the A system and I should be demonstrable. Two linkage groups of genes for cellular antigens in the chicken have been described by SCHEINBERG (19561, one of which may belong to the A system of BRILES, W., BRILES and QUISENBERRY (1950). Two other loci, D and E , with genes affecting cellular antigens in chickens have been reported by BRILES (1951 and1956). The present evidence suggests that the A and E loci are linked by about one crossover unit or else they are one system controlled by a complex single blood group locus (BRILES 1958). This paper describes the serological and genetic relationship of chicken red blood cell antigens produced by genes at the A , B, D and E loci. Additional alleles have been demonstrated at the A and E loci which provide more data on the relationship of the two systems.

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Molecular and immunogenetic analysis of major histocompatibility haplotypes in northern bobwhite enable direct identification of corresponding haplotypes in an endangered subspecies, the masked bobwhite

et al. 1999

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genetic loci coding for haplotypes that have been associated with fitness traits in mammals and birds. Such associations suggest that MHC diversity may be an indicator of overall genetic fitness of endangered or threatened species. The MHC haplotypes of a captive population of 12 families of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) were identified using a combination of immunogenetic and molecular techniques. Alloantisera were produced within families of northern bobwhites and were then tested for differential agglutination of erythrocytes of all members of each family. The pattern of reactions determined from testing these alloantisera identified a single genetic system of alloantigens in the northern bobwhites, resulting in the assignment of a tentative genotype to each individual within the quail families. Restriction fragment patterns of the DNA of each bird were determined using the chicken MHC B‐G cDNA probe bg11. The concordance between the restriction fragment patterns and the alloantisera reactions showed that the alloantisera had identified the MHC of the northern bobwhite and supported the tentative genotype assignments, identifying at least 12 northern bobwhite MHC haplotypes. Eighteen northern bobwhite alloantisera were then used to detect a minimum of 17 masked bobwhite MHC haplotypes. Subsequent restriction fragment pattern analyses using cDNA probes for chicken MHC genes were in agreement with agglutination patterns displayed by the antisera, showing that the immunogenetically identified alloantigen system constituted the MHC of the masked bobwhite. These data demonstrate that a non‐endangered species may be used to provide antisera for differentiating MHC haplotypes in a closely related endangered species, thus providing a practical basis for long‐range monitoring of MHC haplotypes of birds surviving in their native habitats. Zoo Biol 18:279–294, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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On Multiple Alleles Effecting Cellular Antigens in the Chicken

Cited by 257 publications

References 14 publications

The Avian Major Histocompatibility Complex Influences Bacterial Skeletal Disease in Broiler Breeder Chickens

The Avian Major Histocompatibility Complex Influences Bacterial Skeletal Disease in Broiler Breeder Chickens

Additional Alleles Affecting Red Blood Cell Antigens in the Chicken

Molecular and immunogenetic analysis of major histocompatibility haplotypes in northern bobwhite enable direct identification of corresponding haplotypes in an endangered subspecies, the masked bobwhite

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