On Probabilities in Biology and Physics

Abstract

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Understanding quantum mechanics: a review and synthesis in precise language

“…-The epistemic sense of probability can be viewed as one or more of subjective, logical (determined by the information available) [103, § 4], personalist (varying from person to person) [103, § 2], or pluralist (common to groups of people, or intersubjective) [104]. -The ontological sense can be viewed in terms of frequencies [105,106], stochastic or deterministic dynamics [105,107], the Humean mosaic (facts in the world) [105][106][107], propensities (single-case or longrun) [105,106], or features of theories [106,108].…”

“…Kolmogorov emphasised that no probability is unrelated to experimental context: each such context generates its own probability space [130][131][132]. This highlights that all probability statements are intrinsically (often implicitly) conditional [105,115,128,130].…”