On Public-Key Steganography in the Presence of an Active Warden

Craver, Scott

doi:10.1007/3-540-49380-8_25

Cited by 86 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The results of this subsection can be seen as providing an implementation of the "supraliminal channel" postulated by Craver [6]. Indeed, Craver's observation that the adversary's transformations should be restricted to those which do not significantly impact human interpretation of the images (because the adversary should not unduly burden "innocent" correspondents) is what leads to the applicability of our hard AI problems.…”

Section: An Application: Robust Image-based Steganographymentioning

confidence: 89%

CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security

Ahn

Blum

Hopper

et al. 2003

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

909

514

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Abstract. We introduce captcha, an automated test that humans can pass, but current computer programs can't pass: any program that has high success over a captcha can be used to solve an unsolved Artificial Intelligence (AI) problem. We provide several novel constructions of captchas. Since captchas have many applications in practical security, our approach introduces a new class of hard problems that can be exploited for security purposes. Much like research in cryptography has had a positive impact on algorithms for factoring and discrete log, we hope that the use of hard AI problems for security purposes allows us to advance the field of Artificial Intelligence. We introduce two families of AI problems that can be used to construct captchas and we show that solutions to such problems can be used for steganographic communication. captchas based on these AI problem families, then, imply a win-win situation: either the problems remain unsolved and there is a way to differentiate humans from computers, or the problems are solved and there is a way to communicate covertly on some channels.

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Section: An Application: Robust Image-based Steganographymentioning

confidence: 89%

CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security

Ahn

Blum

Hopper

et al. 2003

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

909

514

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…No satisfying formal model for public-key steganography with active attacks has been published so far, although the subject was discussed by several authors, and some systems with heuristic security have been proposed [8,2]. A crucial element that seems to make our formalizations useful is the restriction of the stage-two decoding oracle depending on the challenge covertext.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public-Key Steganography with Active Attacks

Backes

Cachin

2005

Theory of Cryptography

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Abstract.A complexity-theoretic model for public-key steganography with active attacks is introduced. The notion of steganographic security against adaptive chosen-covertext attacks (SS-CCA) and a relaxation called steganographic security against publicly-detectable replayable adaptive chosen-covertext attacks (SS-PDR-CCA) are formalized. These notions are closely related to CCA-security and PDR-CCA-security for public-key cryptosystems. In particular, it is shown that any SS-(PDR-)CCA stegosystem is a (PDR-)CCA-secure public-key cryptosystem and that an SS-PDR-CCA stegosystem for any covertext distribution with sufficiently large min-entropy can be realized from any PDR-CCA-secure public-key cryptosystem with pseudorandom ciphertexts.

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“…This difficulty led to the introduction, of the supraliminal channel by Cravar [8] as a better way for authorship protection. A supraliminal channel is defined as "a low bandwidth channel that the intruder cannot afford to modify as it uses the most significant components of the object as a means of transition".…”

Section: Digital Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A supraliminal channel is defined as "a low bandwidth channel that the intruder cannot afford to modify as it uses the most significant components of the object as a means of transition". It becomes in practice impossible for the intruder to alter the message as he/she must either allow the message through or censor it [8]. The effect of this technique is to turn an active warden, who tries to remove the watermark with different attacks, to a passive warden, who cannot change or delete the watermark.…”

Section: Digital Watermarkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on IP Watermarking Techniques

Abdel-Hamid

Tahar

Aboulhamid

2004

Des Autom Embed Syst

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Abstract. Intellectual property (IP) block reuse is essential for facilitating the design process of system-ona-chip. Sharing IP designs poses significant high security risks. Recently, digital watermarking emerged as a candidate solution for copyright protection of IP blocks. In this paper, we survey and classify different techniques used for watermarking IP designs. To this end, we defined several evaluation criteria, which can also be used as a benchmark for new IP watermarking developments. Furthermore, we established a comprehensive set of requirements for future IP watermarking techniques.

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On Public-Key Steganography in the Presence of an Active Warden

Cited by 86 publications

References 1 publication

CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security

CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security

Public-Key Steganography with Active Attacks

A Survey on IP Watermarking Techniques

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