On Re-innervation of Paretic Muscles by the Use of Their Residual Nerve Supply

Billig, Harvey E.; Harreveld, A. Van; Wiersma, C. A. G.

doi:10.1097/00005072-194601000-00001

Cited by 13 publications

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“…Billig et at. (141) attempted to improve the muscular function of poliomyelitis patients by the application of these experimental results by the use of a method known as manual "neurotripsy" (nerve crush). Hodes (142) (105)] increase the duration of the recorded poten tials.…”

Section: Electromyographymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Innervation of Skeletal Muscle

Hodes¹

1953

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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This review is limited to a discussi�n of recent advances in studies of the nervous supply of skeletal muscle. It is divided into the following sections: (a) a short list of some recent symposia which will afford the reader reference to a more extended field than that covered by this article, (b) afferent, and (c) efferent supply, and (d) the electromyogram. Most of the ma terial of section d will deal with action potentials from human muscles, both in the normal individual and in patients suffering from a variety of neural or muscular diseases.Neglect or cursory treatment of electromyography in previous volumes of this series is a result of the limitations of space imposed on writers whose interests lie in other special aspects of muscle physiology where the over powering wealth of new material demands critical survey. In addition, however, there does appear on the part of some physiologists the remark ably naive assumption that human physiology is not "basic" and is to be ignored or treated with deference and pity, to be relegated to clinical lore or to journals of "applied" physiology-a lesser breed. Such an attitude per haps reflects our restricted training which induces us towards the grasping of techniques and away from reflections on the broader implications or applications of facts compiled by means of our exquisite craftsmanship.The contributions of medicine and other "applied" sciences to physiology are common knowledge and need not be emphasized here, but inclinations to subdivide physiology away from medicine can only be deplored. DuBois (1), from the vantage point of long and valuable service in many branches of physiology puts the case succinctly, thus:Physiology has no limitations in any discipline that deals with living matter. The more that physiology invades anatomy, clinical medicine, and all other departments, the better it becomes for science as a whole. I t is not the title that makes the physiolo giat, it is the point of view, the mode of thought. GENERALThe proceedings of several symposia of general interest to muscle physiol ogists are now available. A conference under the auspices of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique which took place in 1949 has been published in the Archives des Sciences Physiologiques (2). Although much of the conference dealt with the recent work of expert axonologists and syn aptologists, there is enough material concerning the general features of biological membranes, including muscle, drug action, problems of neuro muscular transmission, and muscle innervation to recommend the findings presented even to those with strictly "muscular" interests. It would appear 139 Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1953.15:139-164. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by Lancaster University -UK on 02/05/15. For personal use only.Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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Section: Electromyographymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Innervation of Skeletal Muscle

Hodes¹

1953

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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Re‐innervation of paretic muscle by collateral branching of the residual motor innervation

Harreveld

1952

J of Comparative Neurology

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ELEVEN FIGURESMandelstamm (1882) and Exner (1884Exner ( , 1885 failed to observe atrophy in the rabbit's m. cricothyroideus after severing either the n. laryngeus superior or the n. laryngeus medius, which together innervate this muscle ; the transection of both nerves caused the expected atrophy. Exner (1885) postulated that the muscle fibers which lose their innervation by severing one of the nerves, obtain a new motor innervation from the other nerve before they have time to atrophy. This concept was supported by Lederer and Lemberger ('07), who concluded from stimulation experiments that Exner 's results cannot be explained by a double innervation of each of the muscle fibers by both the nn. laryngei superior and medius.Similar observations have been made more recently by a number of authors. Wehrmacher and Hines ('45) and Hines, Wehrmacher and Thomson ( '45) partially denervated the m. gastrocnemius of rats and cats by the removal of a section of the appropriate spinal nerves, and found that the isometric tension on stimulation of the tibia1 nerve was considerably greater 9 to 84 days after the operation than after three days.It could be shown that this improvement in the function of the partially denervated muscle is not due to recovery from the shock and trauma of the operation or to regeneration of This investigation wa8 supported by the Charles E. Merrill Fund.3 85

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Sprouting of peripherally regenerating primary sensory neurones in the adult central nervous system

McMahon

Kett‐White

1991

J of Comparative Neurology

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We have studied the ability of primary afferent neurones to proliferate within the grey matter of the dorsal horn following the degeneration of other, nearby, afferent fibres. The peripheral branches of primary afferents have the capacity to regenerate successfully over long distances, and we have examined the possibility that when they are so doing, the neurones' status changes to facilitate greatly the sprouting of afferent fibres within the dorsal horn. "Spared root" preparations (rhizotomies of L3, L4, L6, S1, and the caudal half of L5, sparing the rostral half of the L5 dorsal root) were made in adult rats. In some animals (acute preparations) the distribution of the central terminals of the spared root was assessed by labelling the sciatic nerve with WGA-HRP at the time of the rhizotomies. In other animals (chronic preparations), symmetrical bilateral spared roots were made and the sciatic nerve on one side was concomitantly crushed to trigger regrowth of the peripheral branches of these axons. Eight to 10 weeks later the sciatic nerves on both sides were labelled with HRP-WGA. In the acute preparations the reaction product was found in a limited rostrocaudal and mediolateral region of the dorsal horn. In lamina II (the lamina of densest labelling) the labelled terminals occupied an average of 1.17 +/- 0.21 mm2. In chronic preparations, the area of labelled terminals on the side of the uncrushed sciatic nerve was 1.34 +/- 0.28 mm2 (not significantly different from acute animals). However, the labelled area on the side of the crushed sciatic nerve was significantly greater, averaging 2.17 +/- 0.14 mm2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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On Re-innervation of Paretic Muscles by the Use of Their Residual Nerve Supply

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

The Innervation of Skeletal Muscle

The Innervation of Skeletal Muscle

Re‐innervation of paretic muscle by collateral branching of the residual motor innervation

Sprouting of peripherally regenerating primary sensory neurones in the adult central nervous system

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