On-road and laboratory emissions of NO, NO2, NH3, N2O and CH4 from late-model EU light utility vehicles: Comparison of diesel and CNG

Vojtíšek-Lom, Michal; Beránek, V.; Klír, Vojtěch; Jindra, Petr; Pechout, Martin; Voříšek, Tomáš

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.248

Cited by 66 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The CNG- High emissions of NO x from a series of Euro 6b CNG light commercial vehicles were also reported in a previous on-road study [24]. Nonetheless, the CNG-LCV's NO x emissions obtained during Route-3 and Route-2 were two times higher than those reported in Vojtíšek-Lom et al [35].…”

Section: On-road Emissions From the Cng Light-commercial Vehiclesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The CNG-LCV resulted in the highest CH 4 emissions on the motorway section (126 and 127 mg CH 4 /km on Route-3 and Route-2, respectively). The CH 4 emissions were 4 times higher than those previously reported for a series of dual fuel (CNG/gasoline) LCV [35].…”

Section: On-road Emissions From the Cng Light-commercial Vehiclecontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…With respect to gasoline vehicles, NH 3 is formed on the TWC present in the CNG-LCV. These emissions are six times higher than those previously reported for from a series of Euro 6b dual fuel (CNG/gasoline) light commercial vehicles tested on-road [35].…”

Section: On-road Emissions From the Cng Light-commercial Vehiclementioning

confidence: 53%

“…The gases: SO 2 , NO x , NH 3 and VOCs are the main precursors of PM and NO x , non-methane volatile al. [31] was validated only for NH 3 versus a lab-grade FTIR and NO x versus a PEMS, and the FTIR used in Vojtíšek-Lom et al [35] was not validated for NH 3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For that reason, we explored the possibility of their measurement using laboratory grade instrumentation during on-road operation. In previous studies we showed that it is possible to measure NH 3 and N 2 O emissions from heavy-duty and light-commercial vehicles during on-road operation using laboratory grade quantum cascade laser detectors (QCL-IR) and Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) [33][34][35]. We also showed that during on-road operation a gasoline passenger car and a series of CNG light-commercial vehicles present substantial emissions of NH 3 and diesel vehicles equipped with SCR presented low NH 3 emissions [20,24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulated and Non-Regulated Emissions from Euro 6 Diesel, Gasoline and CNG Vehicles under Real-World Driving Conditions

et al. 2020

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The transport sector is one of the main sources air pollutants. Different exhaust after-treatment systems have been implemented over the years to control the emissions of criteria pollutants. However, while reducing the emissions of the target compounds these systems can lead to the emissions of other pollutants and/or greenhouse gases such as NH 3 or N 2 O. Following the implementation of the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) test procedure in the EU, vehicles have been equipped with more complex after-treatment configurations. The impact that these technologies may have on the emissions of non-regulated pollutants during real-world driving have not been evaluated until now. In the current study we present the on-road emissions of a series of non-regulated pollutants, including NH 3 , N 2 O, CH 4 and HCHO, measured with a portable FTIR from a series of Euro 6d, Euro 6c and Euro 6d-TEMP, gasoline diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles during real-world testing. The obtained results show that it is possible to measure N 2 O, NH 3 , CH 4 and HCHO during on-road operation. The results also highlight the importance of the measurement of the emissions of these pollutants during real-world driving, as the emissions of NH 3 (a particulate matter precursor) and those of N 2 O and CH 4 (green-house gases) can be high from some vehicle technologies. NH 3 emissions were up to 49 mg/km for gasoline passenger cars, up to 69 mg/km for the CNG light-commercial vehicle and up to 17 mg/km a diesel passenger car equipped with a selective catalytic reduction system (SCR). On the other hand, N 2 O and CH 4 emissions accounted for up to 9.8 g CO 2 eqv/km for a diesel passenger car equipped with a combination of diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC), lean NO x traps (LNT), SCR and possibly an ammonia slip catalyst ASC.Atmosphere 2020, 11, 204 2 of 18 organic compounds (NMVOCs) and CH 4 are the main precursors of ground-level (tropospheric) O 3 . Aiming at improving Europe's air quality, policy actions have increasingly been taken to address transport-related air pollution. At European Union (EU) level, this has included the regulation of emissions by setting emission standards (Euro 1 to Euro 6) or by setting requirements for fuel quality.To meet these standards, passenger cars have been equipped with different emission control systems. Thus, three-way catalytic converters (TWC) are commonly used to reduce the emissions of CO, hydrocarbons (HC) and NO x from gasoline cars. In the case of diesel cars, CO and HC emissions are reduced using diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC), and NO x emissions using selective catalytic reduction systems (SCR), lean NO x traps (LNT) or a combination of both. While reducing the emissions of the target compounds these systems can lead to the emissions of other pollutants that are not currently regulated for the passenger cars in the EU. The emitted pollutants include NH 3 [2,3] and N 2 O. In fact, several laboratory-based studies have indicated that vehicle emissions of NH 3 and N 2 O are linked to the use o...

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Section: On-road Emissions From the Cng Light-commercial Vehiclesupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: On-road Emissions From the Cng Light-commercial Vehiclecontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: On-road Emissions From the Cng Light-commercial Vehiclementioning

confidence: 53%