“…One of the most important aspects of functions of bounded variation is that they form an algebra of discontinuous functions whose rst derivative exists almost everywhere and are frequently used to de ne generalized solutions to nonlinear problems involving functionals, and partial di erential equations in mathematics, physics, and engineering. In recent decades, the solutions of this type of integral equations have been studied by various authors in various spaces of bounded variation, for example, in the space of the functions of bounded variation in the Jordan sense and in the Waterman sense, see [1,2], in addition to other generalized spaces of bounded variation, some of these have been studied in [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”