“…The characteristics and relationship between cryptocurrencies and financial assets were explored with various methods, such as sequential monitoring test (Ji et al, 2020), downside risk measurement , regression analysis (Hu et al, 2019), DCC model (Stensas et al, 2019Urquhart, & Zhang, 2019) and GARCH model (Klein et al, 2018;Naeem et al, 2020). These methods were utilized to compare cryptocurrencies against stock markets (Shahzad et al, 2020;Lahmiri, and Bekiros, 2020), gold (Dyhrberg, 2016;Ji et al, 2019;Frankovic et al, 2021), oil (Okorie and Lin, 2020;Adekoya, and Oliyide, 2021), general commodity (Bouri et al, 2017b) and US dollar index (Mokni and Ajmi, 2021). Only a few of these studies considered volatility spillover and shock transmission effects, and there is a clear need for more studies that investigate the volatility spillovers between cryptocurrencies and financial assets (Bouri et al, 2018).…”