On steady non-breaking downstream waves and the wave resistance

Abstract

In this work we have obtained exact analytical formulae expressing the wave resistance of a two-dimensional body by the parameters of the downstream nonbreaking waves. The body moves horizontally at a constant speed c in a channel of finite depth h. We have analysed the relationships between the parameters of the upstream flow and the downstream waves. Making use of some results by Keady & Norbury (J. have rigorously proved that realistic steady free-surface flows with a positive wave resistance exist only if the upstream flow is subcritical, i.e. the Froude number Fr = c/ √ gh < 1. For all solutions with downstream waves obtained by a perturbation of a supercritical upstream uniform flow the wave resistance is negative. Applying a numerical technique, we have calculated accurate values of the wave resistance depending on the wavelength, amplitude and mean depth.