The traditional positive effect attrib¬ uted to graduate medical education pro¬ grams on patient care in teaching hospi¬ tals can no longer be accepted as an ar¬ ticle of faith by academic medicine. The issue of resident supervision and the care provided by residents as a major factor in the evaluation of quality of care in teaching hospitals, particularly on AEs possibly due to ill-advised medical interventions or AEs caused by negli¬ gence or substandard care, is an issue that the profession must address. Dr Brennan and colleagues can start the process by reviewing again the positive charts and by defining whether the phy¬ sicians involved in AEs are attendings or, if residents, the precise fashion in which they are supervised and by whom. In this fashion, we may begin to understand the impact residency train¬ ing has on the quality of care in teaching hospitals.