On the 2015 St. Patrick's Storm Turbulent State of the Ionosphere: Hints From the Swarm Mission

Michelis, Paola De; Pignalberi, Alessio; Consolini, Giuseppe; Coco, Igino; Tozzi, Roberta; Pezzopane, Michael; Giannattasio, Fabio; Balasis, Georgios

doi:10.1029/2020ja027934

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…These large density gradients, which are certainly the result of the turbulent nature of the irregularities, are reflected in high RODI values. As already observed at high latitudes [58], this index seems to be capable of identifying the presence of turbulence processes in the ionosphere. Therefore, also in this case, RODI could be used as a proxy of those ionospheric irregularities which are characterized by a turbulent nature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Recently, it has been found that at high latitudes the RODI, which is a proxy of the occurrence of ionospheric electron density irregularities, is capable of providing information on the scaling properties of electron density fluctuations [58]. Very high values of RODI have been found to be correlated with the antipersistent character of electron density fluctuations and with the values around 5/3 of the power spectral density scaling exponent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand whether this relation between the high values of RODI and some peculiar features of the scaling properties of the electron density fluctuations is valid also in the equatorial region, we analyze the value of RODI inside and outside the plasma bubbles. This index, which is essentially a measure of the standard deviation of the rate of change of electron density evaluated in a moving window of 10 s along the orbit of the satellite, has been computed using the standard method reported, for example, in De Michelis et al [58], Pignalberi [59], Jin et al [60] and Piersanti et al [61]. Figure 4 reports the obtained results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionospheric Turbulence and the Equatorial Plasma Density Irregularities: Scaling Features and RODI

et al. 2021

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In the framework of space weather, the understanding of the physical mechanisms responsible for the generation of ionospheric irregularities is particularly relevant for their effects on global positioning and communication systems. Ionospheric equatorial plasma bubbles are one of the possible irregularities. In this work, using data from the ESA Swarm mission, we investigate the scaling features of electron density fluctuations characterizing equatorial plasma bubbles. Results strongly support a turbulence character of these structures and suggest the existence of a clear link between the observed scaling properties and the value of the Rate Of change of electron Density Index (RODI). This link is discussed, and RODI is proposed as a reliable proxy for the identification of plasma bubbles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionospheric Turbulence and the Equatorial Plasma Density Irregularities: Scaling Features and RODI

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“…In this work, we investigate the scaling features of the electron density fluctuations at high latitudes, in both hemispheres, recorded on-board one of the three ESA-Swarm satellites 12 under two different geomagnetic activity conditions. This work is a generalization of a single case study recently published 13 where, for the first time, it was suggested a possible link between the high values of Rate Of change of the electron Density Index (RODI) and some specific features of the electron density fluctuations for a period of 7 days around the 2015's St. Patrick's Day storm. In this study, we consider an extended dataset covering about 4 years (April 2014-February 2018), where we identify quiet and active geomagnetic conditions.…”

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confidence: 78%

“…Using the Auroral Electrojet (AE) index, which is a good proxy of the geomagnetic activity level at mid/high latitudes, we select two distinct datasets corresponding respectively to geomagnetically quiet (AE < 50 nT) and active (AE > 300 nT) periods. The electron density measurements, retrieved from the ESA ftp repository (ftp://swarm -diss.eo.esa.int) are successively used to evaluate RODI, which is defined as the standard deviation of the Rate of change Of electron Density (ROD) in a sliding window of fixed size, in our case of 10 s 13,15,16 . We focus our attention on mid-and high-latitude ( > |50| • ) regions in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere analyzing data in the Quasi-Dipole (QD) latitude 17 and magnetic local time (MLT) coordinates.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for a proxy of the ionospheric turbulence with Swarm data

Michelis

Consolini

Pignalberi

et al. 2021

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The present work focuses on the analysis of the scaling features of electron density fluctuations in the mid- and high-latitude topside ionosphere under different conditions of geomagnetic activity. The aim is to understand whether it is possible to identify a proxy that may provide information on the properties of electron density fluctuations and on the possible physical mechanisms at their origin, as for instance, turbulence phenomena. So, we selected about 4 years (April 2014–February 2018) of 1 Hz electron density measurements recorded on-board ESA Swarm A satellite. Using the Auroral Electrojet (AE) index, we identified two different geomagnetic conditions: quiet (AE < 50 nT) and active (AE > 300 nT). For both datasets, we evaluated the first- and second-order scaling exponents and an intermittency coefficient associated with the electron density fluctuations. Then, the joint probability distribution between each of these quantities and the rate of change of electron density index was also evaluated. We identified two families of plasma density fluctuations characterized by different mean values of both the scaling exponents and the considered ionospheric index, suggesting that different mechanisms (instabilities/turbulent processes) can be responsible for the observed scaling features. Furthermore, a clear different localization of the two families in the magnetic latitude—magnetic local time plane is found and its dependence on geomagnetic activity levels is analyzed. These results may well have a bearing about the capability of recognizing the turbulent character of irregularities using a typical ionospheric plasma irregularity index as a proxy.

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Scaling Features of Diurnal Variation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

et al. 2021

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We analyze the scaling properties of the diurnal variation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in Solar Cycle 24 and the solar minima between Solar Cycles 23/24 and 24/25 for 2007 – 2019 based on the count rates of the Oulu, Newark, Hermanus, and Potchefstroom neutron monitors. The scaling features of the GCR diurnal variation are studied by evaluating the Hurst exponent, a quantitative parameter used as an indicator of the state of the randomness of a time series. We estimate the Hurst exponents for GCR diurnal-variation parameters amplitude and phase using structure-function and detrended-fluctuation-analysis methods. Results show that the Hurst exponents for the GCR diurnal variation vary in the range from $\approx0.3$ ≈ 0.3 to $\approx0.9$ ≈ 0.9 , with a general tendency of being systematically above 0.5. It suggests that the GCR diurnal variation reveals a more persistent structure than Brownian motion. However, the time series of GCR diurnal-variation amplitude and phase evolve from a more persistent structure in the solar minimum between Solar Cycles 23/24 in 2007 – 2009 to a more random character in and near the solar maximum 2012 – 2014. This observation seems to be in agreement with the general configuration of the heliosphere through the 11-year solar-activity cycle. Moreover, the temporal profile of the Hurst exponent for GCR diurnal amplitude and phase around the beginning of the solar minimum between Solar Cycles 24/25 (2018 – 2019) differs from the solar minimum between Solar Cycles 23/24 in 2007 – 2009, suggesting a dependence on solar-magnetic polarity. These findings could shed more light on GCR particle transport in the turbulent heliosphere over the solar cycle.

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On the 2015 St. Patrick's Storm Turbulent State of the Ionosphere: Hints From the Swarm Mission

Cited by 28 publications

References 42 publications

Ionospheric Turbulence and the Equatorial Plasma Density Irregularities: Scaling Features and RODI

Ionospheric Turbulence and the Equatorial Plasma Density Irregularities: Scaling Features and RODI

Looking for a proxy of the ionospheric turbulence with Swarm data

Scaling Features of Diurnal Variation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

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