On the Absoluteness of Time

Cataldo, Carmine

doi:10.5539/apr.v9n3p46

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In other terms, the Universe in its entirety is identified with a ball, and the curved space we are allowed to perceive is assimilated to a spherical surface. Taking into account the "global symmetry" so far hypothesized, denoting with M half the mass of the Universe, we can define the density as follows: We can now carry out, coherently with (37), the following noteworthy position [17]:…”

Section: The "Relativistic" Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a New Concept of Closed System: From the Oscillating Universe to the EM-Drive

Cataldo¹

2019

IJAERS

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The EM-Drive, as long as it is considered a closed system, explicitly violates the conservation of momentum and Newton's well-known third law: however, it would appear, according to several tests to date, that the device may concretely deliver a certain thrust without a detectable exhaust. The question is: can the EM-Drive be actually regarded as a closed system? We have elsewhere tried to provide a qualitative answer by resorting to a theory based, amongst other hypotheses, upon the existence of a further spatial (hidden) dimension. In this paper, the whole revised theory is step-by-step expounded, avoiding, for the sake of brevity, some aspects that, notwithstanding their undeniable relevance, do not concretely contribute to the achievement of our main goal. We consider a Universe belonging to the so-called oscillatory class. Firstly, we formally show that, as it is well known, a simple-harmonically oscillating Universe is fully compatible with General Relativity. Then, we carry out an alternative deduction of the mass-energy equivalence formula as well as of the Friedmann-Lemaître equations. Finally, by resorting to an opportune writing of the conservation of energy (carried out by taking into account the alleged extra spatial dimension), we implicitly obtain a new definition of closed system, so providing an answer to the question previously posed.

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Section: The "Relativistic" Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a New Concept of Closed System: From the Oscillating Universe to the EM-Drive

Cataldo¹

2019

IJAERS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such an assumption, that could undoubtedly sound very anachronistic, does not imply that instruments and devices of whatever kind, finalized to measure time, are not influenced by motion and gravity [1] [2] [3]. Space is herein considered as being flat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%