On the assumptions leading to the information loss paradox

Buoninfante, Luca; Filippo, Francesco Di; Mukohyama, Shinji

doi:10.1007/jhep10(2021)081

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Due to the nature of our approximations, this work constitutes only a first step toward determining whether the asymptotic safety scenario is compatible with the peculiar behavior and UV/IR mixing that gravity could exhibit already at the semi-classical level due to black holes (see [176] for a very recent discussion on their validity and limitations), or with general indications from string theory. In particular, A possible connection between asymptotically safe gravity and string theory has been conjectured in [40], and it is tempting to speculate that it could explain our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptotic Safety: Swampland or Wonderland?

Basile,

Platania

2021

Preprint

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We investigate the consequences of combining swampland conjectures with the requirement of asymptotic safety. To this end, we explore the infrared regime of asymptotically safe gravity in the quadratic one-loop approximation, and we identify the hypersurface spanned by the endpoints of asymptotically safe renormalization group trajectories. These comprise the allowed values of higher-derivative couplings as well as standard logarithmic form factors. We determine the intersection of this hypersurface with the regions of parameter space allowed by the weak-gravity conjecture, the swampland de Sitter conjecture, and the trans-Planckian censorship conjecture. The latter two depend on some order-one constants, for generic values of which we show that the overlap region is a proper subspace of the asymptotically safe hypersurface. Moreover, the latter lies inside the region allowed by the weak gravity conjecture assuming electromagnetic duality. Our results suggest a non-trivial interplay between the consistency conditions stemming from ultraviolet completeness of the RG flow, black hole physics, and cosmology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptotic Safety: Swampland or Wonderland?

Basile,

Platania

2021

Preprint

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“…In this regards, although it is a minor opinion, some researchers proposed an idea that if we do not keep the central dogma [53], i.e., the assumption A4 (Bekenstein-Hawking entropy as statistical entropy), one may overcome the difficulties of the information loss paradox. As proposed in [53], it is conceptually possible to derive a monster-like state that has more statistical entropy than its areal entropy. Recent computations from Euclidean path integral approach [51] also indicates the same direction.…”

Section: Comments On Recent Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Before the Page Time: Maximum Entanglements or the Return of the Monster?

et al. 2022

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The conservation of information of evaporating black holes is a very natural consequence of unitarity, which is the fundamental symmetry of quantum mechanics. In order to study the conservation of information, we need to understand the nature of the entanglement entropy. The entropy of Hawking radiation is approximately equal to the maximum of entanglement entropy if a black hole is in a state before the Page time, i.e., when the entropy of Hawking radiation is smaller than the entropy of the black hole. However, if there exists a process generating smaller entanglements rather than maximal entanglements, the entropy of Hawking radiation will become smaller than the maximum of the entanglement entropy before the Page time. If this process accumulates, even though the probability is small, the emitted radiation can eventually be distinguished from the exactly thermal state. In this paper, we provide several interpretations of this phenomenon: (1) information of the collapsed matter emitted before the Page time, (2) there exists a firewall or a non-local effect before the Page time, or (3) the statistical entropy is greater than the areal entropy; a monster is formed. Our conclusion will help resolve the information loss paradox by providing groundwork for further research.

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“…For example, "Page time unitarity" may appear to be violated even if the underlying physics is unitary. 218 Moreover, there is an indication 219 that the standard form of the paradox can be consistently rendered only if some new physics begins to play a role before reaching the Planck scale. Within the purely semiclassical approach, formation of a transient trapped region indicates that it happens at some finite amount of time as measured by Bob (see Fig.…”

Section: Physical Black Holes and The Paradoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black holes and their horizons in semiclassical and modified theories of gravity

Mann,

Murk,

Terno

2021

Preprint

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For distant observers black holes are trapped spacetime domains bounded by apparent horizons. We review properties of the near-horizon geometry emphasizing the consequences of two common implicit assumptions of semiclassical physics. The first is a consequence of the cosmic censorship conjecture, namely that curvature scalars are finite at apparent horizons. The second is that horizons form in finite asymptotic time (i.e. according to distant observers), a property implicitly assumed in conventional descriptions of black hole formation and evaporation. Taking these as the only requirements within the semiclassical framework, we find that in spherical symmetry only two classes of dynamic solutions are admissible, both describing evaporating black holes and expanding white holes. We review their properties and present the implications. The null energy condition is violated in the vicinity of the outer and satisfied in the vicinity of the inner apparent/anti-trapping horizon. Apparent and anti-trapping horizons are timelike surfaces of intermediately singular behavior, which is demonstrated in negative energy density firewalls. These and other properties are also present in axially symmetric solutions. Different generalizations of surface gravity to dynamic spacetimes are discordant and do not match the semiclassical results. We conclude by discussing signatures of these models and implications for the identification of observed ultra-compact objects.

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On the assumptions leading to the information loss paradox

Cited by 26 publications

References 70 publications

Asymptotic Safety: Swampland or Wonderland?

Asymptotic Safety: Swampland or Wonderland?

Before the Page Time: Maximum Entanglements or the Return of the Monster?

Black holes and their horizons in semiclassical and modified theories of gravity

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