On the atmosphere as an optical communication channel

Kennedy, Robert S.; Hoversten, E. V.

doi:10.1109/tit.1968.1054215

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The variance of the phase angle 0 is observed to be quite large and 0 is thus taken to be uniformly distributed [3]. The quantity a '2 is the log-amplitude variance and for the plane wave case considered here, m = -a 'z [18].…”

Section: Statistics Of the Turbulent Atmospherementioning

confidence: 98%

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N-fold joint photocounting distribution for modulated laser radiation: Transmission through the turbulent atmosphere

Teich

Rosenberg

1971

Opto-electronics

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In this paper a generalised result for the N-fold joint photoelectron counting distribution for independently modulated radiation is given. We extend the recent results of Diament and Teich, for the one-fold photoelectron counting distribution for light propagated through an atmosphere characterised by log-normal irradiance fluctuations, to the N-fold joint photoelectron counting distribution. An approximate solution for this N-fold distribution is obtained, for detection intervals {T~} < ~, where "ra is the characteristic time of the atmospheric turbulence. We present specifically the two-fold joint photocounting distribution for amplitude-stabilised laser radiation passing through such an atmosphere for several levels of turbulence and degrees of correlation. Cases including additive, independent, non-interfering Poisson noise are considered. Computer generated plots of the photocounting distribution are presented. For noise-free detection, the otherwise narrow-peaked photocounting distribution is seen to broaden markedly and shift its peak to lower counts as the turbulence level increases. Furthermore, a non-singular counting distribution is obtained for fully correlated detection. In the presence of additive noise and varying only the signal-to-noise ratio ~,, the probability surface is intermediate between that of the Poisson and that of the noise-free log-normal fading counting distribution. The peak, however, is observed to decrease and then again increase in magnitude as ~,--~ oo, for correlated detection only. These results are expected to be of use in the study of atmospheric turbulence, as well as in the evaluation of certain stochastic functionals that occur in optical communication theory for the turbulent atmospheric channel.

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Section: Statistics Of the Turbulent Atmospherementioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, for short counting intervals, i.e. when the counting time T is much smaller than the coherence time of the light, %, then w = at(Or (3) and the statistics of W are directly related to those of l(t). Thus, assuming I(t) is stationary, and that T ~ %, the one-fold counting distribution may be written as…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

N-fold joint photocounting distribution for modulated laser radiation: Transmission through the turbulent atmosphere

Teich

Rosenberg

1971

Opto-electronics

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“…As discussed in (Fante, 1975;Ishimaru, 1997;Kennedy, 1968), dispersion and beam spreading due to turbulent atmosphere can be neglected. Only for the very short pulses less than 100 ps proposed for high-data rate communications systems, or in extreme scenarios such as the one detailed in (Ruike et al, 2007), where sand and dust particles are likely present, pulse spreading owing to turbulent atmosphere must be included.…”

Section: Generation Of Scintillation Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This scalar model assumes the transmitted field to be linearly polarized (no polarization modulation). This fact is realistic because the depolarization effects of the atmospheric turbulence are negligible (Strohbehn, 1968;Strohbehn & Clifford, 1967) and because it is reasonable to assume that the relevant noise has statistically independent polarization components (Kennedy, 1968). In Fig.…”

Section: Generation Of Scintillation Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computationally Efficient Numerical Simulation for Generating Atmospheric Optical Scintillations

Jurado-Navas¹,

Garrido-Balsells²,

Castillo-Vázquez³

et al. 2011

Numerical Simulations of Physical and Engineering Processes

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“…The quantity analogous to E,(p) as represented in (12) and (13) has been evaluated by Kennedy and Hoversten [8] for heterodyne detection and is given by Here I,( .) is the modified Bessel function of order zero, GL~, is the signal energy-to-noise power density ratio, and p(u) is the logamplitude density function.…”

Section: Comparison With Heterodyne Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocounting Array Receivers for Optical Communication Through the Lognormal Atmospheric Channel 2: Optimum and Suboptimum Receiver Performance for Binary Signaling

Rosenberg¹,

Teich

1973

Appl. Opt.

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Absrrucf-A bound on the probability of error is obtained for an Wary direct-detection optical communications system consisting of an amplitude-stabilized source, a lognormal atmospheric channel, and a photocounting detector array. Equal-energy, e&probable, orthogonal signaling, and flat independent fading at all detectors is assumed. The result reduces to that obtained previously in the absence of fading. A comparison is made with the analogous solution for the heterodyne array receiver.

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On the atmosphere as an optical communication channel

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

N-fold joint photocounting distribution for modulated laser radiation: Transmission through the turbulent atmosphere

N-fold joint photocounting distribution for modulated laser radiation: Transmission through the turbulent atmosphere

A Computationally Efficient Numerical Simulation for Generating Atmospheric Optical Scintillations

Photocounting Array Receivers for Optical Communication Through the Lognormal Atmospheric Channel 2: Optimum and Suboptimum Receiver Performance for Binary Signaling

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