On the bending moment capability of the pressurized abdominal cavity during human lifting activity

A Finite Element Model Study on the Role of Trunk Muscles in Generating Intra-Abdominal Pressure

“…McGill and Norman (28) stated that the possible unloading of the spine by an increased IAP would be counteracted by an equally large or even larger loading by the activated abdominal musculature. On the other hand, some other investigators (3,8,40) claim that IAP can reduce the compression load on the spine . Currently, IAP is generally thought to provide stability to the lumbar spine (4,7,25).…”

“…More recently, the concept of higher IAP contributing to the stability of spine by stiffening of spinal column has been proposed (1,2,40).…”

“…The detailed description of these theories and their biomechanical evaluations (testing the validity of claims regarding the unloading function of the intra-abdominal pressure and utilization of lumbodorsal fascia) can be found in a recent review by McGill and Norman (28). It is now recognized that the stability and equilibrium conditions of spine must be simultaneously insured by proper neuromuscular functions of various components of spine (1,4,7,8,12,15,17,330,(33)(34)(35)(36)40). …”

Dynamic Trunk Stabilization: A Conceptual Back Injury Prevention Program for Volleyball Athletes

“…100 Thomson 129 reported that when selecting exercises to improve dynamic trunk stability, those requiring greater internal and external oblique activation should be a priority because they ). Phase 1, however, should not compromise its focus on slow-velocity, subtle aspects of maintaining neutral spine alignment, motor control, kinesthetic awareness, and endurance.…”