On the Bitcoin Limitations to Deliver Fairness to Users

Gürcan, Önder; Pozzo, Antonella Del; Tucci-Piergiovanni, Sara

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69462-7_37

Cited by 11 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We model fairness based on the fairness model proposed in [21]. In this sense, we model all nodes in the blockchain network G as rational agents.…”

Section: Fairness Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(e.g., Bitcoin [1], Ethereum [2]), committee-based blockchains (e.g., Tendermint [4], RedBelly Ref [9]) and hybrid blockchains (e.g., PeerCensus [10], Byzcoin [11]). Considering Bitcoin-like blockchains, several studies have been conducted so far analyzing and improving fairness both for block creators Ref [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and for users [21][22][23]. However, fairness in committee-based blockchains has not been studied much yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we consider Tendermint as an open system and thus aim to study its fairness by computational analyzes. To this end, we modeled each participant, like in [21], as a rational agent who finds the system fair if the total satisfaction of its expectations is above a certain degree. We, then, realized two implementations of Tendermint: (1) as proposed by Buchman et al [4], which we call the Tendermint Default protocol and (2) as proposed by us, which we call call the Tendermint Fairness protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, most of the work is focused on fairness to users, such as [21], but very few on block creators. There is even less about the Tendermint protocol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Computational Study on Fairness of the Tendermint Blockchain Protocol

2019

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Fairness is a crucial property for blockchain systems since it affects the participation: the ones that find the system fair tend to stay or enter, the ones that find the system unfair tend to leave. While current literature mainly focuses on fairness for Bitcoin-like blockchains, little has been done to analyze Tendermint. Tendermint is a blockchain technology that uses a committee-based consensus algorithm, which finds an agreement among a set of block creators (called validators), even if some are malicious. Validators are regularly selected to the committee based on their investments. When a validator does not have enough asset to invest, it can increase it with the help of participants that delegate their assets to the validators (called delegators). In this paper, we implement the default Tendermint model and a Tendermint model for fairness in a multi-agent blockchain simulator where participants are modeled as rational agents who enter or leave the system based on their utility values. We conducted experiments for both models where agents have different investment strategies and with various numbers of delegators. In the light of our experimental evaluation, we observed that while, for both models, the fairness decreases and the system shrinks in the absence of delegators, the fairness increases, and the system expands for the second model in the presence of delegators.

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“…We model fairness based on the fairness model proposed in [21]. In this sense, we model all nodes in the blockchain network G as rational agents.…”

Section: Fairness Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, most of the work is focused on fairness to users, such as [21], but very few on block creators. There is even less about the Tendermint protocol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Computational Study on Fairness of the Tendermint Blockchain Protocol

2019

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“…The blockchain technology is first proposed by the Bitcoin protocol [2]. A blockchain system is a network of nodes in which each node keeps a replication of an immutable append-only ledger of transactions [11]. The transactions are issued by nodes called users to exchange information, e.g., to exchange bitcoins in the Bitcoin protocol.…”

Section: Blockchains and Smart Contractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Industrial Prototype of Trusted Energy Performance Contracts Using Blockchain Technologies

Gürcan¹,

Agenis-Nevers

Batany

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 16th International Conference On

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Energy conservation measurements in buildings are more and more popular as they benefit from an intelligent contractual framework called Energy Performance Contracts (EPC), where energy savings are measured as the difference between a predictive baseline model and the actual consumption. While modern predictive models make use of large amounts of data from external sources and increasingly complex algorithms, these two aspects make their use difficult in practice because they need mutual understanding and transparency, requiring the involvement of a third-party for auditing. In this sense, we designed and developed a prototype that overcomes these issues by storing the predictive models and the data in an immutable blockchained data structure using the Ethereum framework. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first working prototype using the blockchain technology applied to EPCs. This paper presents and discusses the technical solutions and best-practice guidelines adopted in this prototype.

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On Cancellation of Transactions in Bitcoin-Like Blockchains

Gürcan

Pedrosa

Tucci-Piergiovanni

2018

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Bitcoin-like blockchains do not envisage any specific mechanism to avoid unfairness for the users. Hence, unfair situations, like impossibility of cancellation of transactions explicitly or having unconfirmed transactions, reduce the satisfaction of users dramatically, and, as a result, they may leave the system entirely. Such a consequence would impact significantly the security and the sustainability of the blockchain. Based on this observation, in this paper, we focus on explicit cancellation of transactions to improve the fairness for users. We propose a novel scheme with which it is possible to cancel a transaction, whether it is confirmed in a block or not, under certain conditions. We show that the proposed scheme is superior to the existing workarounds and is implementable for Bitcoin-like blockchains.

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On the Bitcoin Limitations to Deliver Fairness to Users

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

A Computational Study on Fairness of the Tendermint Blockchain Protocol

A Computational Study on Fairness of the Tendermint Blockchain Protocol

An Industrial Prototype of Trusted Energy Performance Contracts Using Blockchain Technologies

On Cancellation of Transactions in Bitcoin-Like Blockchains

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