On the Cause of Raised Serum-Amylase in Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Warshaw, A. L.; Feller, EdwardR.; Lee, Kang-Hyun

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92225-5

Cited by 47 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The mechanism of elevated enzymes in DKA remains unclear. Amylase elevations could be related with subtle injury to pancreatic acinar cells which causes release of this enzyme to the circulation, release of salivary gland amylase or suboptimal excretion in the urine [128]. There is little correlation between the presence, degree or isoenzyme type of hyperamylasemia and the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain) or pancreatic imaging studies [129].…”

Section: >12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Cesur¹,

Sayi²

2013

Type 1 Diabetes

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Section: >12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Cesur¹,

Sayi²

2013

Type 1 Diabetes

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“…although diabetic ketoacidisis per se is known to induce non-specific elevation of serum pancreatic enzymes [17][18][19][20], there may be the damage of the exocrine pancreas through viral-associated inflammation pancreatitis [11] was unlikely ( Figure 1). These overall findings suggested the diagnosis of FT1DM.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Abrupt Onset Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes Mimicking Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2009

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Abstract.A 63-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. He had flu-like symptoms 10 days before admission and developed thirst, polyuria and anorexia with 9 kg of body weight loss in a week. Plasma glucose level on admission was 983 mg/dL and hba1c was 7.5%. Despite high levels of serum pancreatic enzymes, lack of severe abdominal pain and no morphological change of pancreas in the abdominal CT scan eliminated the complication of classical acute pancreatitis. These findings suggested the diagnosis of fulminant type 1 diabetes. However, urinary and plasma C-peptide levels showed that insulin secretion was not completely depleted at onset. Furthermore, an examination of isletrelated antibodies revealed the presence of high titer anti-GaD antibody. his hLa typing showed that DRb1*0901-DQb1*0303 and a24 were present. he has been doing well with continuation of insulin therapy. Over two years after onset, his plasma C-peptide level was gradually lowered, and anti-GaD antibody was still positive. Taken together, this is a rare case of abrupt onset autoimmune type 1 diabetes with transient but apparent exocrine pancreatic impairment at onset. Similar cases should be accumulated to clarify pathophysiological similarities and/or differences between fulminant type 1 diabetes and abrupt onset autoimmune type 1 diabetes. (FT1DM) is a novel clinical entity which is characterized by an extremely abrupt onset of the disease and remarkably acute destruction of pancreatic beta cells with urinary C-peptide secretion less than 10 µg/day: however, more than 90% of FT1DM patients were adolescent or adult [3][4][5]. although FT1DM is basically classified into type 1B diabetes as indicated by absence of islet-related autoantibodies, two atypical cases showing the mixed characteristics of FT1DM and autoimmune type 1 diabetes (i.e. anti-GaD antibody positivity) have been reported [6,7]. here we report a 63-year-old case of abrupt onset autoimmune type 1 diabetes, mimicking FT1DM. in addition to the above mentioned two autoimmune cases [6,7], the present case draws an attention in terms of differential diagnosis between typical FT1DM and this rapidly progressive form of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Case Reporta 63-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis on December 23 in 2006. his medical history revealed that he had been suffering from hypertension and angina pectoris for 7 years, but there was no sign of diabetes. The hba1c level in June, 2006 was 5.5%, while fasting plasma glu-

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“…A number of specific proteins in saliva are used as clinical markers. Among these proteins are phenotypic variants of a-amylase as indicators of inheritance of autosomal co-dominant alleles, disorders such as cystic fibrosis (Wolf et al, 1986), and diabetic ketoacidosis (Warshaw, Feller, & Lee, 1977). Beeley (1991) has reviewed clinical applications of saliva proteins.…”

Section: Salivamentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide mapping of proteins in human body fluids using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Bergquist

Palmblad

Wetterhall

et al. 2002

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

134

113

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Human body fluids have been rediscovered in the post-genomic era as great sources of biological markers and perhaps particularly as sources of potential protein biomarkers of disease. Analytical tools that allow rapid screening, low sample consumption, and accurate protein identification are of great importance in studies of complex biological samples and clinical diagnosis. Mass spectrometry is today one of the most important analytical tools with applications in a wide variety of fields. One of the fastest growing applications is in proteomics, or the study of protein expression in an organism. Mass spectrometry has been used to find post-translational modifications and to identify key functions of proteins in the human body. In this study, we review the use of human body fluids as sources for clinical markers and present new data that show the ability of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry (MS) to identify and characterize proteins in four human body fluids: plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, and urine. The body fluids were tryptically digested without any prior separation, purification, or selection, and the digest was introduced into a 9.4 T FTICR mass spectrometer by direct-infusion electrospray ionization (ESI). Even though these samples represent complex biological mixtures, the described method provides information that is comparable with traditional 2D-PAGE data. The sample consumption is extremely low, a few microliters, and the analysis time is only a few minutes. It is, however, evident that the separation of proteins and/or peptides must be included in the methodology, in order to detect low-abundance proteins and other proteins of biological relevance.

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On the Cause of Raised Serum-Amylase in Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A Case of Abrupt Onset Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes Mimicking Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes

Peptide mapping of proteins in human body fluids using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

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