On the Change of Brightness and Color When We Bendf Orward and Look Backward Between the Spread Legs

Miyakawa, Tomoaki

doi:10.4992/jjpsy.20.3_1

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…This means that a proprioceptive factor is a source of the head-inversion effects. This is comparable to Miyakawa's (1949b) results but does not agree with von Helmholtz's note in which a change in orientation of the retinal image is assumed to be critical to the headinversion effects. The second is that the head-inversion effects arise for scene pictures that contain depth cues and intrinsic orientation and do not occur for geometric patterns that appear flat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…This means that a visual factor is also a source of head-inversion effects. This is not comparable to Miyakawa's (1949b) results, which showed that the headinversion effects occurred for an achromatic disk as well as a line drawing.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…Beck (1972) interpreted these findings as meaning that when the picture is upright, we see the chest and face as single surfaces of a specific lightness, and variation of luminance is seen as shadow and highlights that model the surfaces; but when the picture is inverted, such relatedness of the areas changes so that the picture is seen as made up of separate areas and appears flatter. Miyakawa (1949b), who was probably the first to measure the head-inversion effects psychophysically, compared the appearance of achromatic targets (i.e., a homogeneous gray disk and a line drawing of an elephant) between the upright and inverted heads. When these targets were viewed with the head upside down, they were perceived as film color and appeared brighter regardless of whether the targets were upright or inverted.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Brightness and image definition of pictures viewed from between the legs

Higashiyama

Toga

2010

Atten Percept Psychophys

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It has been documented that if we see a scene from between our own legs, it appears brighter and more distinct. We determined factors that are critical to these changes and elucidated how they are related to visual disorder that is contingent on bending the head. In Experiment 1, upright scene pictures were viewed with the head inverted. In Experiments 2 and 3, the 180°rotated versions of the same pictures were seen with the head inverted and upright, respectively. In Experiment 4, geometric patterns were seen with the head inverted. In Experiment 5, apparent depth and organization of scene pictures were judged under combinations of retinal-image and head orientations. The first results demonstrated that the scene pictures, when seen with the head inverted, had a 9.8% increase in brightness and a 6.8% increase in image definition as compared to normal upright viewing, but these changes did not arise for geometric patterns. Second, these changes were mainly ascribed to a proprioceptive change of the head. Third, by inverting only the head or the retinal image, visual structure of pictures was disturbed but the visual disorder did not always change brightness and image definition. These findings are discussed.