On the characterization procedure to quantify the contribution of microstructure on mechanical properties in intercritically deformed low carbon HSLA steels

A successful attempt to incorporate the advantages of severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods in the continuous drawing process for low‐carbon steel is demonstrated. The structural features are considered on different scale levels, using a wide range of methods. While combining shear deformation, which parallels the basis of SPD with the conventional scheme, the cyclic process of grain refinement could be reached. As a result, the plasticity becomes enhanced. At the same time, an important characteristic such as residual stress also has a positive influence on manufacturability; particularly, the existence of the compression stress after shear deformation. The peculiarity of the structure affects the behavior of both mechanical and physical properties (like density, plasticity). The application of drawing with shear (DSh) technology as based on SPD principles, the mechanical softening effect is observed, as is the healing of microvoids. Such positive affection gives the opportunity to increase the effectiveness of drawing technology through controlling plasticity (ductility). In addition, it is considered exhaustion of the plasticity resource (EPR). It is shown that in the case of multipass deformation, there is a parabolic dependence of the EPR measurement, and minimum damage is achieved using a specific combination of partial reductions.

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“…This is unusual, because often the increase in the reduction degree (compression) must lead to a greater increase in strength. [ 31 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation of Low‐Carbon Steel: Physical–Mechanical Properties and Multiscale Structure Analysis

Zavdoveev

Baudin

Pashinska

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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“…To explain this effect, the factors affecting the mechanical properties of the steel were analyzed. One of the main mechanical properties is Yield strength (σу), which can be represented by a sum of terms [24][25][26]:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of HSLA steels processed by various technologies

Zavdoveev¹,

Poznyakov²,

Baudin³

et al. 2021

Materials Today Communications

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This study presents a striking advance in investigating the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of high strength low-alloyed steels obtained using various technologies. In contrast to the normalization treatment, the application of the thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP) offers higher strength characteristics but less stable properties during consequent high-temperature heat treatment. It has been established that the mechanical properties of both the steels are stable up to 650 °C. With an increase in the treatment temperature, the mechanical properties of the TMCP steel (grade S460M) are strongly degraded, while the normalized steel (grade S355J2) remains stable up to 950 °C. This is attributed to intensive grain growth at a temperature higher than Ac3 for TMCP steel and to the microstructural stability of the normalized steel. It is shown that the structural stability during high-temperature heat treatment is controlled by a number of factors such as heating temperature and holding time, grain growth, accumulated strain, the presence of deformation texture, steel deoxidation, and dissolution/uncontrolled growth of precipitations.

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“…While previous studies have fundamentally reported the beneficial nature of ferrite grain refinement under warm rolling or deformation in the two-phase region, it can be implied from the abovementioned simulation studies that these benefits can be combined with additional precipitation strengthening. [9,27,63] An attempt will be made in the subsequent sections to experimentally verify the abovementioned hypothesis.…”

Section: Thermokinetic Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beneficial role of Mo in the presence of Ti in lowering of austenite to ferrite transformation temperature upon continuous cooling and delaying precipitate coarsening while aging during ferritic transformation is also well established. [19][20][21][22][23] While it is evidently clear that microalloying in the presence of Mo improves the yield strength of ferritic steels, deformation at lower temperatures in the two-phase austenite þ ferrite (γ þ α) region, also known as intercritical or warm deformation, [24][25][26][27][28] remains another strategic option to exploit. An average ferrite grain size of 1.3 μm in a C-Mn steel was achieved using large strain warm deformation processing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Finish Rolling Temperature and Molybdenum Addition on Strengthening of Low Carbon Niobium Steels—A Computational and Experimental Study

Chakraborty

Primig

2021

steel research int.

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Low C microalloyed steels have widespread applications in contemporary construction and transportation applications owing to their unique combination of high strength and ductility. [1,2] The addition of microalloying elements such as Nb, Ti, and V in the presence of ultralow C contents imparts effective strengthening by precipitation and grain size refinement under controlled thermomechanical processing (TMP) conditions. [3][4][5] Several studies have investigated the role of microalloying and TMP routes on the evolution of harder (nonequilibrium) phases as matrix microstructures, such as acicular ferrite, bainite, and martensite, for high-strength plate and pipeline applications. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, a harder phase matrix microstructure suffers from poor stretch flangeability (formability) due to its poor local elongation abilities near higher stress concentration zones along the soft/hard interfaces, leading to premature microvoid crack initiation and failure in thin-sheet applications. [14,15] This explains interest in softer equilibrium phases as matrix microstructures such as ferrite. Ferritic steels offer better stretch formability and are, thus, more suitable for thin sheet applications, e.g., in the automotive industry. Funakawa et al. [16] developed a TiC precipitation-strengthened ferritic steel with a yield strength of 734 MPa, a total elongation of 24%, and a hole expansion ratio around 120% for a 0.047C-0.082Ti-0.2Mo (wt% in the following) hot-rolled steel. A higher ferritic yield strength of 760 MPa in a multicomponent microalloyed 0.04C-0.08Ti-0.011Nb-0.015V-0.18Mo steel was reported by Shen et al. [17] due to a mix of finely dispersed TiC and coarser grain boundary (GB) M 23 C 6 precipitates. Single-hit deformation and aging experiments at 650 C by Mukherjee et al. [18] highlighted the effect of Mo on initiating extremely stable Ti(Mo)C (α/γ) interphase nanoprecipitates in ferrite in a 0.04C-0.05Ti-0.22Mo steel for aging durations between 300 and 3600 s, leading to an average ferrite hardness of 250 vickers hardness number (VHN). In addition, they also observed fine TiC solute clusters during shorter aging periods. The beneficial role of Mo in the presence of Ti in lowering of austenite to ferrite transformation temperature upon continuous cooling and delaying precipitate coarsening while aging during ferritic transformation is also well established. [19][20][21][22][23] While it is evidently clear that microalloying in the presence of Mo improves the yield strength of ferritic steels, deformation at lower temperatures in the two-phase austenite þ ferrite (γ þ α) region, also known as intercritical or warm deformation, [24][25][26][27][28] remains another strategic option to exploit. An average ferrite grain size of 1.3 μm in a C-Mn steel was achieved using large strain warm deformation processing. [28] A comprehensive review by Song et al. [29] examined the influence of both severe plastic deformation and advanced thermomechanical strategies on processing of ultrafine ferrite gr...

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On the characterization procedure to quantify the contribution of microstructure on mechanical properties in intercritically deformed low carbon HSLA steels

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation of Low‐Carbon Steel: Physical–Mechanical Properties and Multiscale Structure Analysis

Continuous Severe Plastic Deformation of Low‐Carbon Steel: Physical–Mechanical Properties and Multiscale Structure Analysis

Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of HSLA steels processed by various technologies

Influence of Finish Rolling Temperature and Molybdenum Addition on Strengthening of Low Carbon Niobium Steels—A Computational and Experimental Study

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