On the Chemical Changes of Asbestos Fibers and MMMFs in Biologic Residence and in the Environment: Part 1

Spurný, K.R.; Pott, F.; Stöber, Werner; Opiela, H.; Schörmann, J.; Weiß, G.

doi:10.1080/15298668391405823

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Acid leaching was the first step in the reaction process where they regulated the Mg content of the chrysotile and the porosity of the matrix to template the synthetic zeolite species. Various authors have used acid treatment of chrysotile causing Mg depletion to obtain synthetic zeolites or disordered silica − and studied the structural and toxicological properties of the resulting materials. A disordered silica structure, preserving almost all the structural characteristics of the silica-like sheet present in the original layered silicate, has been obtained by reacting 10 g of chrysotile with 300 mL of a 2 M HCl solution at 80 °C for 1 day .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A disordered silica structure, preserving almost all the structural characteristics of the silica-like sheet present in the original layered silicate, has been obtained by reacting 10 g of chrysotile with 300 mL of a 2 M HCl solution at 80 °C for 1 day . Spurny et al obtained a Mg-depleted product from standard UICC chrysotile and noticed structural changes that occur after the leaching process, depending on physical-chemical properties of the starting material. Again, Morgan et al produced a Mg-depleted product from acidic leaching of chrysotile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure Model and Toxicity of the Product of Biodissolution of Chrysotile Asbestos in the Lungs

Gualtieri

Lusvardi

Pedone

et al. 2019

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Asbestos is a commercial term indicating six natural silicates with asbestiform crystal habit. Of these, five are double-chain silicates (amphibole) and one is a layer silicate (serpentine asbestos or chrysotile). Although all species are classified as human carcinogens, their degree of toxicity is still a matter of debate. Amphibole asbestos species are biopersistent in the human lungs and exert their chronic toxic action for decades, whereas chrysotile is not biopersistent and transforms into an amorphous silica structure prone to chemical/physical clearance when exposed to the acidic environment created by the alveolar macrophages. There is evidence in the literature of the toxicity of chrysotile, but its limited biopersistence is thought to explain the difference in toxicity with respect to amphibole asbestos. To date, no comprehensive model describing the toxic action of chrysotile in the lungs is available, as the structure and toxic action of the product formed by the biodissolution of chrysotile are unknown. This work is aimed at fulfilling this gap and explaining the toxic action in terms of structural, chemical, and physical properties. We show that chrysotile’s fibrous structure induces cellular damage, mainly through physical interactions. Based on our previous work and novel findings, we propose the following toxicity model: inhaled chrysotile fibers exert their toxicity in the alveolar space by physical and biochemical action. The fibers are soon leached by the intracellular acid environment into a product with residual toxicity, and the dissolution process liberates toxic metals in the intracellular and extracellular environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Model and Toxicity of the Product of Biodissolution of Chrysotile Asbestos in the Lungs

Gualtieri

Lusvardi

Pedone

et al. 2019

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Serpentine and Amphibole Asbestos [A Subset of Elongated Mineral Particles (EMPs)]

“Tony” Havics,

Bernstein

2024

Patty's Toxicology

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The term asbestos refers to two very different minerals, serpentine and amphibole, occurring in fibrous form with very different mineralogical properties. Unfortunately, the term “asbestos” has been used loosely when, in fact, it has always been appropriate to discuss them separately. This chapter focuses on the key essential differences which result in very different toxicological and epidemiological responses to the fibers from these two minerals. In particular, it is discussed how a fiber's potency dictates the health risk, how the fiber's mineralogy affects biopersistence in the lung, and how fiber length determines how the lung responds to this characteristic. The differential toxicology is presented, as well as the epidemiology of these fibrous minerals. The regulations in the United Stated are also discussed. It is now convenient to use the term asbestos to describe a subset of elongated mineral particles (EMPs). Although the term has been discussed with potential differing definitions depending on the authors' purpose from 1979 to 2023, a popular working definition for EMPs is any mineral particle with a minimum aspect ratio of 3:1. This chapter will focus on the asbestos subset.

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Laser microprobe mass analysis: A review of applications in the life sciences

Verbueken

Bruynseels

Grieken

1985

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

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On the Chemical Changes of Asbestos Fibers and MMMFs in Biologic Residence and in the Environment: Part 1

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Structure Model and Toxicity of the Product of Biodissolution of Chrysotile Asbestos in the Lungs

Structure Model and Toxicity of the Product of Biodissolution of Chrysotile Asbestos in the Lungs

Serpentine and Amphibole Asbestos [A Subset of Elongated Mineral Particles (EMPs)]

Laser microprobe mass analysis: A review of applications in the life sciences

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