On the chemistry of ‘black’ pigment stones from the gallbladder

Wosiewitz, U.; Schroebler, Stefan

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(78)90356-x

Cited by 46 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Analysis of these concrements corre sponds well to the results of Wosiewitz and Schroeblcr [21]. 33 of 50 BPS in his studies were radiolucent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The results of stone analysis are given in figure 1 and table I. Infrared spectra of BPS were as previously reported [21] with broad and flat absorption bands mostly showing a Q value [22] of <0.3. Calcification by cal cium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate could be detected by infrared spectroscopy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) [ 19,20]. Some o f the material was submitted to chro mate degradation [21]. Pvrrolic degradation products were separated and identified by gas-liquid chroma tography and by mass spectrometry [21] (table I).…”

Section: Slone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some o f the material was submitted to chro mate degradation [21]. Pvrrolic degradation products were separated and identified by gas-liquid chroma tography and by mass spectrometry [21] (table I). AH stones and fragments had been x-rayed after having been fastened in the gallbladder region of the patient.…”

Section: Slone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolution of Calcified Cholesterol Stones and of Brown and Black Pigment Stones of the Gallbladder

et al. 1988

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The influence of different solvents on cholesterol and pigment stones was investigated in vitro. Stone analysis was performed chemically, with infrared spectroscopy (IRS), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-microanalysis (EDXA) and wave-length-dispersive X-microanalysis (WDXA). Each set of stones came from one source: eight human calcified cholesterol stones (CHS), eight fragments of bovine radiopaque Ca-bilirubinate stones (BBIL), and two complete BBIL. CHS and BBIL fragments were treated with (1) a buffered, alkaline 1% ethylenediamine tetraacetate solution (BA-EDTA; pH 9.5); (2) with BA-EDTA and monooctanoin preparation (GMOC) alternately; (3) with GMOC alone, and (4) with methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The complete BBIL were treated with BA-EDTA and MTBE. Furthermore, two human black pigment stones (BPS) were incubated in BA-EDTA. Calcified cholesterol stones are not dissolved by GMOC alone, nor by alternating treatment with BA-EDTA. They are dissolved by MTBE. MTBE is unsuitable for complete Ca-bilirubinate stones but MTBE, GMOC and GMOC/BA-EDTA alternately disaggregate stone fragments. This means that stone fragments behave differently from complete Ca-bilirubinate stones, which is important for further in vitro investigations. Ca-bilirubinate and black pigment stones are disaggregated in BA-EDTA. These results were confirmed with six CHS, 12 BBIL and 12 BPS from 5 further patients, incubated in the most eligible solvent for any individual stone type.

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“…Analysis of these concrements corre sponds well to the results of Wosiewitz and Schroeblcr [21]. 33 of 50 BPS in his studies were radiolucent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Slone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Slone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dissolution of Calcified Cholesterol Stones and of Brown and Black Pigment Stones of the Gallbladder

et al. 1988

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“…Na and Ca were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy as described else where [10]. S, P and N were determined by micro chemical combustion analysis, using an automatic mi croanalyzer device.…”

Section: Quantitative Stone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on Common Bile Duct Stones

et al. 1983

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Common bile duct stones from 59 consecutive patients who underwent cholecystectomy more than 1 year before radiological detection of choledocholithiasis (group I) and from 31 consecutive patients with choledocholithiasis and gallbladder in situ (group II) were subjected to chemical analysis and compared with the composition of gallbladder stones from the same population (two consecutive biopsy and autopsy series, n = 343). In contrast to cholecystolithiasis, inorganic calcium salts were infrequent in choledocholithiasis while calcium bilirubinate and fatty acid calcium salts played an important role in the composition of common bile duct stones. This is of particular importance in terms of litholysis. With respect to stone pathogenesis, clinical and radiological data were analyzed, as was hepatic bile lipid composition. There was no significant difference in the lithogenic index (percent cholesterol saturation) in cholecystectomized and in non-cholecystectomized patients with choledocholithiasis. The most important cause of stone recurrence in the common duct after surgery was incrustation of unabsorbed suture material, which was the case in 30.5% of group-I patients.

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Equilibrium swelling of pigment gallstones: Evidence for network polymer structure

et al. 1982

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SynopsisA major component of pigment gallstones (PS) is a black, insoluble substance. I t has been suggested that this pigment material might be a highly crosslinked polymer, and if such were the case, it should imbibe solvent (swell) to the maximum permitted by the crosslinks of its macromolecular network. We measured the equilibrium amount, qeq, by which pulverized, desiccated PS swells in different liquids, including isotonic aqueous buffers at pH values from 1.5-11.5. For ionic strengths 10.15, the dependence of qeq on pH exhibits a broad titration curve with a midpoint near pH 7. qeq was <1.2 in methanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and chloroform. The ir absorbance from vinyl groups in the black pigment was only one-eighth that of unconjugated bilirubin, the primary chemical building block of PS; this implicates vinyl groups in the formation of a polymer network. The rise in qeq with increasing pH suggests that the carboxyl groups are free to ionize and are therefore not involved in the covalent bonds that make the crosslinked polymer. A network polymer structure would account for the inability to dissolve PS in those solvents in which unconjugated bilirubin is soluble.

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On the chemistry of ‘black’ pigment stones from the gallbladder

Cited by 46 publications

References 12 publications

Dissolution of Calcified Cholesterol Stones and of Brown and Black Pigment Stones of the Gallbladder

Dissolution of Calcified Cholesterol Stones and of Brown and Black Pigment Stones of the Gallbladder

Investigations on Common Bile Duct Stones

Equilibrium swelling of pigment gallstones: Evidence for network polymer structure

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