This study is founded upon the notion that the archaeological record of any given time and place is the record of the operation of cultural events at that time and place. Motivation for anthropological study of such a record stems from the desire to elucidate as fully as these data permit the underlying cultural significance of that record. There are, of course, other motivations for interest in archaeology-delight in the aesthetic quality of objects; desire to catalogue historical events; curiosity about the capabilities of one's antecedents. These are all legitimate concerns; however, the position taken here is that only through an anthropological approach may we hope to arrive at an understanding of the processes which molded the events behind the fossil record. The search for such understanding requires procedures that are radically different from those commonly employed by archaeologists in the past. Fortunately, such procedures are being developed. Technical methods for handling data and modes of thought by which these data may be interpreted are being adapted from other disciplines. More importantly, anthropological methodology is itself undergoing rapid change; the traditional collection of impressionistic devices for handling data is being replaced with a more systematically constructed body of rules for observing and interpreting cultural phenomena. This study forms part of this effort to construct a more formalized system for handling cultural data. Specifically, it presents a number of methods whereby lithic artifacts may be described and classified. Some suggestions are advanced for the use of these methods in defining intra-cultural uniformities in assemblages of such materials and for the identification, ultimately, of cross-cultural regularities in iithic inventories. An attempt is made to identify systematic relationships between variables in the technical and social spheres of culture. Such an attempt, if successful, can lead to a deeper understanding of cultural processes. An explanation of these processes is the ultimate goal of anthropological research. This study may contribute to the realization of this goal. A great many people have helped to make this study a reality. First among these are the members of my dissertation committee, Emil W. Haury, William A. Longacre, and Raymond H. Thompson. Each has contributed differently, but importantly, to the development of this work. Others who have read all or parts of the manuscript are: