On the Classification of the Old World Flycatchers

Storr, G. M.

doi:10.1071/mu958277

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Species in the families Monarchidae, Rhipiduridae, and Acanthizidae were among those either not recorded or found in reduced numbers in forest fragments in our study. These species are sallying flycatchers and gleaners that search for prey in the low or midstory sections of forests (Storr 1958, del Hoyo et al 1992-2011 and were found to be influenced by decreased shrub density (Sedgwick and Knopf 1992, Creagh et al 2004, Clawges et al 2008, Stratford and Stouffer 2013. Other insectivorous species, for example, Pittidae (Ptilorrhoa spp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of forest fragmentation on bird species richness in Papua New Guinea

et al. 2014

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Tropical forests worldwide are being fragmented at a rapid rate, causing a tremendous loss of biodiversity. Determining the impacts of forest disturbance and fragmentation on tropical biotas is therefore a central goal of conservation biology. We focused on bird communities in the interior (>100 m from forest edge) of forest fragments (300, 600, and 1200 ha) in the lowlands of Papua New Guinea and compared them with those in continuous forest. We surveyed bird communities using point counts, mist‐netting, and random walks, and measured habitat and microclimate characteristics at each site. We also surveyed leaf‐dwelling arthropods, butterflies, and ants, and obtained diet samples from birds to examine food availability and food preferences. We recorded significantly fewer bird species per point in the 300‐ha forest fragment than in other study sites. Overall, we recorded 80, 84, and 88 species, respectively, in forest fragments, and 102 in continuous forest. Frugivores (especially large frugivores) and insectivores had lower species richness in forest fragments than continuous forest. Our results did not support the food scarcity hypothesis, that is, the decline of insectivorous birds in forest fragments is caused by an impoverished invertebrate prey base. We also found no significant differences among forest fragments and continuous forest in microclimates of forest interiors. Rather, we found that microhabitats preferred by sensitive birds (i.e., 30% of species with the strongest preferences for continuous forest) were less common in forest fragments (19%–31% of points) than in continuous forest (86% of points). Our results suggest that changes in microhabitats may make forest fragments unsuitable for sensitive species. However, limited dispersal capabilities could also make some species of birds less likely to disperse and occupy fragments. In addition, impoverished food resources, size of the forest fragment, or hunting pressure could contribute to the absence of large frugivorous birds in forest fragments. The forest fragments in our study, preserved as village‐based protected areas, were not large enough to sustain the bird communities found in continuous forest. However, because these fragments still contained numerous bird species, preservation of such areas can be an important component of management strategies to conserve rainforests and birds in Papua New Guinea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of forest fragmentation on bird species richness in Papua New Guinea

et al. 2014

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“…2 The taxonomy follows here Howard and Moore [12]. 3 These two species are under generic name Terpsiphone in Howard and Moore. 4 These two species are under generic name Elminia in Howard and Moore.…”

Section: Dna Amplification and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Old World or oscine flycatchers have traditionally been grouped into one large family, which does not form a natural group. Among them, it is possible to distinguish the muscicapine flycatchers (Muscicapidae) by their spotted juvenile plumage [2][3][4] and the distinctive "turdine thumb" like pattern of their syrinx. These characters are also shared by the thrushes, Turdidae [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A second group of non-muscicapine flycatchers is composed mainly of Australo-Papuan species, which were defined by external morphology and behaviour [7][8][9]. Most have been arranged into two main sub-families, Rhipidurinae (2 genera, 40 species) and Monarchinae (19 genera, 95 species), or tribes or families depending on the authors [2,3,8,[10][11][12]. For convenience, we refer to these two groups respectively as rhipidurine and monarchine birds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What are African monarchs (Aves, Passeriformes)? A phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genes

Pasquet

Cibois

Baillon³

et al. 2002

Comptes Rendus. Biologies

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We address the phylogenetic relationships of ten passerine bird species representing the five presently supposed monarchine (family Monarchidae) genera (Terpsiphone, Hypothymis, Elminia, Trochocercus, Erythrocercus) from Asia and Africa, as well as three monarchs from Australasia, three representatives of the related genera Rhipidura and Dicrurus, and 20 representatives of 11 other oscine groups (including two Culicicapa flycatchers) and one sub-oscine, using two partial mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b and large sub-unit ribosomal 16S RNA). Molecular data corroborate ecological, ethological and morphological observations on the probable heterogeneity of Trochocercus and indicate that this genus is polyphyletic; two of its species are members of Monarchidae allied to Terpsiphone and Hypothymis; the others are more closely related to Elminia. Elminia is not a member of Monarchidae and is not related to any other sampled species, except Culicicapa. Erythrocercus is also outside the Monarchidae but inside a Sylvii-Pycnonotidae group. These results point once more to the need of a fully revised phylogeny of passerine birds. To cite this article: É.

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“…Convergent morphological characters have resulted in the clustering of Australo-Papuan species with groups based upon European, Asian, and African types, thus obscuring the true relationships of the old endemic taxa. This problem has long been recognized (e.g., Storr 1958;Mayr 1963;Sibley 1970Sibley , 1974Sibley , 1976Schodde 1975;Schodde & McKean 1976;Boles 1979) but the available methods were often unsuccessful in differentiating between similarities due to common ancestry and those due to convergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%