On the CO 2 sorption and swelling of elastomers by supercritical CO 2 as studied by in situ high pressure FTIR microscopy

Abstract

> Investigation of seven elastomers for T=50 to 110°C from P=5 to 15MPa > All the elastomers displays a significant level of CO 2 sorption about 20% at P=15MPa. > The resulting swelling is linearly correlated to the CO 2 sorption. > Weak dependence of swelling and CO 2 sorption upon temperature variation.

Supercritical loading of gatifloxacin into hydrophobic foldable intraocular lenses – Process control and optimization by following in situ CO2 sorption and polymer swelling

“…An original experimental set-up combining a FTIR microscope and high-pressure cell was used in this study to simultaneously measure insitu CO 2 sorption within the polymer IOLs and their subsequent swelling (Dubois et al, 2018). The infrared microscope (Perkin-Elmer spotlight 200) operates in a transflection mode and covers a spectral range over 800-6500 cm −1 with a resolution of 4 cm −1 obtained after the Fourier transformation of 100 accumulated interferograms.…”

“…where A CO2 is the absorbance at 4950 cm −1 , l the path length (cm) equal to twice the IOL's thickness, C CO2 the CO 2 concentration (mol•L −1 ) and ε the molar extinction coefficient (L•mol −1 •cm −1 ) equal to 0.25 L•mol −1 •cm −1 at 4950 cm −1 . (Dubois et al, 2018) As previously described by Kazarian et al (Flichy et al, 2002;…”

“…C polymer is the polymer concentration (mol•L −1 ) in the IOL, l is the pathlength (twice the IOL thickness in transflection mode) and ε the molar extinction coefficient of the polymer band (L•mol −1 •cm −1 ). ε can be considered to be independent of CO 2 pressure (Dubois et al, 2018) and l is constant since the IOL was maintained between the sapphire window and the mirror.…”

Technological Strategies to Mitigate the Climate Change: Current Status and Future Trends

“…There is a huge network of possibilities to produce value-added products from diluted and concentrated CO 2 , through of mineralization, physical, biological, and chemical processes [7]. The supercritical CO 2 is considerate a green solvent with physicochemical properties that potentiate as a swelling agent [31,32], fluid in Rankine cycles [33], fracturing fluid [34], bioactive compounds in food and pharmaceutical industry [35,36], catalytic processes [37,38], and polymer industry [39,40].…”

Non-contact method used to determine the swelling/shrinking coefficients under CO2 sorption/desorption on an HNBR O-ring - Study of coupling with temperature and pressure

“…First of all, the swelling of polymers is a well-known consequence of fluid sorption [4,5] and this effect is severe with elastomer components [6][7][8][9][10]. The volume change phenomenon has been widely discussed in the literature, particularly in the case of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [1,6,9,[11][12][13][14] and to a lesser extent hydrogen (H 2 ) [15]. Reported data concern variety of thermoplastics (PEEK, PS, LLDPE, PTFE, PMMA, PET, PP, PVDF, … [12]) in CO 2 , but also rubbers and elastomers such as HNBR [1,13,16], NBR [14,16], EPDM [14,16], SBS block [12], PDMS [17,18], FKM [16], PTFE [16], ACM [16], VMQ [16], and rubber polymer [19].…”