On the collapse behaviour of oil reservoir chalk

Gennaro, Vincenzo De; Delage, Pierre; Priol, G.; Collin, Frédéric; Cui, Yu Jun

doi:10.1680/geot.54.6.415.45425

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It must be borne in mind that, in chalk, wetting-induced compression results from a combination of loss of capillary forces and from weakening of the interparticle bonds-a complex physico-chemical interaction. Although it is likely that the second mechanism is the more significant one, it appears, nevertheless, that the overall phenomenon can be adequately represented by using oil-water suction as a key parameter (De Gennaro et al, 2004).…”

Section: Porous Materials Containing Oil and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil–environment interactions in geotechnical engineering

Gens¹

2010

Géotechnique

393

198

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The range of problems that geotechnical engineers must face is increasing in complexity and scope. Often, complexity arises from the interaction between the soil and the environment – the topic of this lecture. To deal with this type of problem, the classical soil mechanics formulation is progressively generalised in order to incorporate the effects of new phenomena and new variables on soil behaviour. Recent advances in unsaturated soil mechanics are presented first: it is shown that they provide a consistent framework for understanding the engineering behaviour of unsaturated soils, and the effects of suction and moisture changes. Building on those developments, soil behaviour is further explored by considering thermal effects for two opposite cases: high temperatures, associated with the problem of storage and disposal of high-level radioactive waste; and low temperatures in problems of freezing ground. Finally, the lecture examines some issues related to chemical effects on soils and rocks, focusing in part on the subject of tunnelling in sulphate-bearing rocks. In each case new environmental variables are identified, enhanced theoretical formulations are established, and new or extended constitutive laws are presented. Particular emphasis is placed on mechanical constitutive equations, as they are especially important in geotechnical engineering. The lecture includes summary accounts of a number of case histories that illustrate the relevance and implications of the developments described for geotechnical engineering practice.

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Section: Porous Materials Containing Oil and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil–environment interactions in geotechnical engineering

Gens¹

2010

Géotechnique

393

198

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“…By inspecting the eigenvalues of ρ (σ 2 ⊗ σ 2 ) ρ * (σ 2 ⊗ σ 2 ), whose explicit form is too lenghty to be reported here, one finds no dependence on χ, ψ or α, in full analogy with the case of Eq. (7). The explicit calculation of concurrence leads us to the expression…”

Section: Single-environment Case: Propaedeutic Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differently from Refs. [3,4,6,7], random matrices are used in order to model the initial preparation of the environments. These interact with the shuttling ancilla via a Hamiltonian model having pre-determined interaction strength.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural change in multipartite entanglement sharing: A random matrix approach

et al. 2009

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We study the typical entanglement properties of a system comprising two independent qubit environments interacting via a shuttling ancilla. The initial preparation of the environments is modelled using random-matrix techniques. The entanglement measure used in our study is then averaged over many histories of randomly prepared environmental states. Under a Heisenberg interaction model, the average entanglement between the ancilla and one of the environments remains constant, regardless of the preparation of the latter and the details of the interaction. We also show that, upon suitable kinematic and dynamical changes in the ancilla-environment subsystems, the entanglement-sharing structure undergoes abrupt modifications associated with a change in the multipartite entanglement class of the overall system's state. These results are invariant with respect to the randomized initial state of the environments. PACS numbers: 03.65.Yz, 03.67.Mn,03.67.-a Open-system dynamics involving environments comprising only a finite number of elements have been proven a valuable arena for the study of interesting physical phenomena such as quantum chaos [1], quantum thermodynamics [2], entanglement and relaxation [3,4]. In most of these studies, the use of random-matrix theory has proven technically very advantageous in modelling random collisions between parts of the overall system at hand. Random matrices have been helpful in dealing with many tasks of quantum information processing, including quantum data hiding, quantum state distinction, superdense coding and noise estimation [5]. Very recently, random matrices have found extensive application in the characterization of Markovian decoherence [6].In this paper we unveil a further interesting situation where the theory of random matrices finds fertile applications: We study the typical amount of entanglement that can be set in a multipartite system comprising two environments of arbitrary (finite) size and a shuttling two-level ancilla that bridges their cross-talking ( Fig. 1). Differently from Refs. [3,4,6,7], random matrices are used in order to model the initial preparation of the environments. These interact with the shuttling ancilla via a Hamiltonian model having pre-determined interaction strength. This allows us to investigate on the typical ancilla-environment as well as all-environment degree of entanglement simply by averaging the values corresponding to many hystories of random initial preparations. We point out the sensitivity of the entanglement-sharing structure on the kinematic and dynamical aspects of the interactions and its independence from the random preparation of the environments. In particular, we show that upon tuning of the coupling Hamiltonian regulating the ancilla-environment interactions, an abrupt transition between two inequivalent classes of multipartite entanglement is achieved. The dimensions of the environments and the number of interactions enter preponder-antly into the determination of the entanglement-sharing structure, as we quantitative...

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“…The influence of the saturating fluids is explained through the notion of suction, including capillary effects and various physicochemical chalk-water interactions. Compaction, due to seawater flooding as the oil is removed, is interpreted as a wetting-induced collapse under constant load similar to that observed in many unsaturated soils (De Gennaro et al, 2004). This approach, based on unsaturated soil mechanics, provides a useful means of developing constitutive modelling of chalk behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%