On the construction of an extended thermodynamic framework for irreversible processes

Extended irreversible thermodynamics and the quality of temperature and pressure

“…Their demonstration [16] is based on general thermodynamic considerations, kinetic theory aspects and a few other phenomenological considerations. On the other hand we have reached the same conclusion by considering the act of temperature measurement in the case of both equilibrium and nonequilibrium [17].…”

“…Firstly, we conclude that from the thermodynamic point of view the nonequilibrium temperature and pressure have identically the same physical contents as they have in equilibrium as is established by eqs (16) and (17). Secondly, for a single component non-uniform system if we write a more general extended Gibbs relation, say,…”

“…We have earlier stressed [17,18] that without the existence of a corresponding GibbsDuhem equation no thermodynamic description exists including those for irreversible processes. However, almost in all irreversible thermodynamic descriptions no adequate attention appears to have been paid to the role of corresponding Gibbs-Duhem equation.…”

Non-Equilibrium Critical Behavior: An Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics Approach

“…Equation (23) has been derived from the scaling procedure of the extended thermodynamic potentials. If we recall equations (22) it has been possible to see that only three of the exponents are independent. Having noticed this and being aware of the values of β and δ from equilibrium thermodynamics, as well as the value of r ′ = 1 from our linear constitutive relation [equation (8)] it is possible to find out the value of β ′ and from it the value of the exponent ν.…”

Pressure and entropy of hard spheres in the weakly nonequilibrium heat-conduction steady state

“…One expects that it is capable of catching the effects that are unattainable in the linear irreversible thermodynamics [2,3].This approach has been applied to hard spheres [26]. Using the Enskog kinetic equation and the method of molecular hydrodynamics [27], explicit expressions for the phenomenological coefficients appearing in the extended Gibbs relation are calculated.However, the extended irreversible thermodynamics and specifically its notion of the nonequilibrium temperature [28,29] were criticized from the viewpoint of computer simulations [30,31], using phenomenological ideas [32,33], and even on the grounds of its own internal methodology [34]. To our knowledge, the discussion has not been resolved as well as no crucial experiment which would approve or refute the main assumptions of this approach has been proposed.Computer simulations.…”