On the contribution of background sources to the heavy metal content of municipal sewage sludge

Koch, Matthias; Rotard, W.

doi:10.2166/wst.2001.0074

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The levels of zinc in sludge were lower than the maximum permissible levels from other countries (Table 1) which was also the case with the study done by Kadewa et al (2001). The presence of zinc in sewage sludge is due to corrosion of galvanized iron in the domestic plumbing systems (Koch and Rotard, 2001). The presence of Queen Elizabeth Central hospital which also releases part of its waste water into the municipal sewer line, might also be contributing to zinc levels in sewage sludge.…”

Section: Zinc Levels In Sewage Sludge and T Tubifexmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Accumulation of lead, cadmium, manganese, copper and zinc by sludge worms; Tubifex tubifex in sewage sludge

Kaonga

Kumwenda

Mapoma

2009

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:Tubifex tubifex has been shown to survive in organic polluted environments, however, not much has been done on its inorganic pollution tolerance. Samples of T. tubifex and their respective sewage sludge were taken from Soche wastewater treatment plant in Blantyre City, Malawi during July 2007 to November 2008. The total number of sludge samples taken was fifty one which was made into seventeen composite samples. A total of seventeen T. Tubifex samples were also collected. The samples were analyzed for copper, lead, manganese, zinc and cadmium using standard methods from American Public Health Association and Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The concentrations of metals in sewage sludge and T. tubifex were on dry weight basis and the metals determined were acid extractable. In general, heavy metals concentration was lower in T. tubifex than in sewage sludge. The range of heavy metals concentrations were (in sludge and (T. tubifex)): zinc 275.3 -361.5 mg/kg (45.0 -82.2 mg/kg), manganese 293.7 -230.1 mg/kg (1.21 -3.69 mg/kg), copper 86.5 -120.1 mg/kg (1.6 -4.7 mg/kg), lead 11.2 -22.4 mg/kg (Below detection limit -0.95 ) and cadmium 1.12 -2.31 mg/kg (1.08 -2.18 mg/kg). The results showed significant differences between the concentrations of manganese, copper, lead and zinc in sewage sludge and T. tubifex (p < 0.05). However there was no significant difference between the concentrations of cadmium in sewage sludge and T. tubifex (p > 0.05). T. tubifex did not show the ability to accumulate heavy metals (attributed to its high defecation and metabolic rate) except for cadmium hence cannot be used as a bioindicator for heavy metal pollution in sludge.

show abstract

Section: Zinc Levels In Sewage Sludge and T Tubifexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The levels were also below the maximum acceptable limits from other countries ( Table 2). The presence of copper in sludge may be due to corrosion of copper plumbing systems (Koch and Rotard, 2001). The presence of Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital might also be contributing to copper levels in sludge.…”

Section: Copper Levels In Sewage Sludge and T Tubifexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of lead, cadmium, manganese, copper and zinc by sludge worms; Tubifex tubifex in sewage sludge

Kaonga

Kumwenda

Mapoma

2009

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, it is well documented that corrosion of pipes is a primary contributor of copper to STW with more impact from residential areas (68% of total) than from commercial (54%) and industrial (35%) (Bouley and Edwards, 2000) and pipework can also be a significant source of lead (Isaac et al,. 1997) and zinc (Koch and Rotard, 2001). The relatively high contribution to the load of copper from roofing material has been questioned as other studies demonstrated that only 10-20% of copper from fresh runoff from the roofs reaches STW (the rest is retained in soil and concrete), while runoff from the traffic sector was said to be underestimated (Bartling et al, 2002).…”

Section: Sources and Occurance Of Metals In Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 98%

An Evaluation of Metal Removal During Wastewater Treatment: The Potential to Achieve More Stringent Final Effluent Standards

Ziolko

Martin

Scrimshaw

et al. 2011

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metals are of particular importance in relation to water quality, and concern regarding the impact of these contaminants on biodiversity is being encapsulated within the latest water related legislation such as the Water Framework Directive in Europe and criteria revisions to the Clean Water Act in the USA. This review undertakes an evaluation of the potential of two stage wastewater treatment consisting of primary sedimentation and biological treatment in the form of activated sludge processes, to meet more stringent discharge consents which are likely to be introduced as a consequence. The legislation, sources of metals and mechanisms responsible for their removal are discussed, to elucidate possible pathways by which the performance of conventional processes may be optimized or enhanced. Improvements in effluent quality, achievable, by reducing concentrations of suspended solids or biochemical oxygen demand may also reduce metal concentrations although meeting possible requirements for the removal of copper my be challenging. Running head:The removal of metals in wastewater treatment.

show abstract

“…While natural occurrence is relatively rare, the number and intensity of anthropogenic sources, such as rubbish tips, APPLIED (Koch and Rotard, 2001). Anthropogenic sources of increased heavy metal content in both terrestrial and aquatic systems are common in urban areas (Kumar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study to Determine the Substrate Threshold for Heavy Metal Toxicity in Groundcover Plants Used in Urban Landscapes

Ju¹

2016

Appl Ecol Env Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ju et al.:A pilot study to determine the substrate threshold for heavy metal toxicity in groundcover plants used in urban landscapes -59 - Abstract. The objects of this pilot study were to determine the substrate threshold concentration for heavy metal toxicity, which is the highest permissible content in the substrates used in urban landscaping, and the maximum possible accumulation of heavy metals in shoots of Pachysandra terminalis and Vinca minor grown on substrate mixed with cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), or zinc (Zn) for 90 days. Plants were transplanted into plastic containers filled with substrate, which had been previously treated with Cd (0, 25, 50, or 100 mg·kg -1 ), Pb (0, 250, 500 or 1,000 mg·kg -1 ), and Zn (0, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg·kg -1 ). The shoot dry weights of P. terminalis and V. minor were affected by the heavy metals in the substrate with the greatest degree by Cd. A 25 mg·kg -1 of Cd caused a reduction of about 63% and 30% of shoot dry weights of P. terminalis, and V. minor, respectively, compared to controls (Cd 0 mg·kg -1 ). There was no reduction in P. terminalis, and V. minor grown under both Pb 250 mg·kg -1 and 500 mg·kg -1 treatments. Under the Pb 1,000 mg·kg -1 treatment, a 3.7% of dry weight loss observed in P. terminalis compared to control (Pb 0 mg·kg -1 ); however, no reduction was found in V. minor. Zn-treated V. minor had no reduction of dry weight compared to controls (Zn 0 mg·kg -1 ), whereas in P. terminalis, about 11%, 26%, and 52% reductions were observed under Zn 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg·kg -1 treatments, respectively. These results reveal that V. minor is more tolerant to Pb and Zn toxicity than is P. terminalis, and provide reference ranges for heavy metal concentrations in substrate that will be useful in further studies.

show abstract

On the contribution of background sources to the heavy metal content of municipal sewage sludge

Cited by 47 publications

References 10 publications

Accumulation of lead, cadmium, manganese, copper and zinc by sludge worms; Tubifex tubifex in sewage sludge

Accumulation of lead, cadmium, manganese, copper and zinc by sludge worms; Tubifex tubifex in sewage sludge

An Evaluation of Metal Removal During Wastewater Treatment: The Potential to Achieve More Stringent Final Effluent Standards

A Pilot Study to Determine the Substrate Threshold for Heavy Metal Toxicity in Groundcover Plants Used in Urban Landscapes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About