2021
DOI: 10.3390/app11167619
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On the Control Strategy to Improve the Salt Rejection of a Thin-Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane

Abstract: Since the specific energy consumption (SEC) required for reverse osmosis (RO) desalination has been steeply reduced over the past few decades, there is an increasing demand for high-selectivity membranes. However, it is still hard to find research papers empirically dealing with increasing the salt rejection of RO membranes and addressing the SEC change possibly occurring while increasing salt rejection. Herein, we examined the feasibility of the process and material approaches to increase the salt rejection o… Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…From an engineering perspective this channel is salt rejecting and ideally cation permselective, ,, meaning it transports only cations and not anions. In addition, it has chemically based selectivity that allows it to transport essentially only Ca 2+ .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…From an engineering perspective this channel is salt rejecting and ideally cation permselective, ,, meaning it transports only cations and not anions. In addition, it has chemically based selectivity that allows it to transport essentially only Ca 2+ .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8 In pressure-driven applications (e.g., ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis), compaction changes the membrane morphology and internal structure 10−12 and can cause decreased water flux, higher energy consumption, 7,8,13,14 and lower salt rejection. 11,12 In thermally driven applications (e.g., membrane distillation), membrane compaction results in increased heat loss 15−18 and reduced water permeability. 9,15−21 Compaction can occur instantly or over longer time periods and, depending on the recovery properties of the membrane, can cause irreversible, partially reversible, or reversible changes in membrane morphology and mechanical properties.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When pressure is applied to thin-film materials during use or during manufacturing, the thin-film material often undergoes compaction. For water treatment membranes, a hydraulic pressure differential results in membrane compaction that can decrease performance and limit practical use of the membrane . In pressure-driven applications (e.g., ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis), compaction changes the membrane morphology and internal structure and can cause decreased water flux, higher energy consumption, ,,, and lower salt rejection. , In thermally driven applications (e.g., membrane distillation), membrane compaction results in increased heat loss and reduced water permeability. , …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When organic agro-industrial residues are used in bioconversion processes, not only is the amount of polluting organic matter in the environment reduced, but an added value is also given to these residues by using them as inputs for the production of electricity. On the other hand, the transition to a low-carbon economy is being facilitated by reducing the amount of carbon burned to produce energy, which contributes to the reduction of the carbon footprint [10,11].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%