In this work, we consider the one‐dimensional Dirac operator
where
is Pauli's matrix,
is a
‐matrix representing a regular potential that includes the electrostatic and scalar interactions as well as the anomalous magnetic momentum,
is a singular potential consisting of
delta distributions
(
) are
‐matrices representing the strengths of Dirac deltas, and
is a two‐spinor. We associate to the operator
an unbounded in
symmetric operator denoted by
, where
is the support of singular potential
. The operator
includes only the regular potential
together with certain interaction conditions at each point
. The paper presents a method for determining the discrete spectrum of the operator
for arbitrary potential
whose entries are given by
‐functions. The eigenvalues
of the operator
are the zeros of a dispersion equation
, where the characteristic function
is determined explicitly in terms of power series involving the spectral parameter
. The construction of the characteristic function
from a set of monodromy matrices and the interaction conditions is presented in the paper. Moreover, its power series representation leads to an efficient numerical method for calculating the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator
from the zeros of certain approximate function
which is obtained by truncating the series up to a finite number of terms. Several examples show the applicability and accuracy of the numerical method.