On the Development of Osteoporosis: Experimental Studies in the Adult Rat

Larsson, Sven‐Erik; Vejlens, Lars

doi:10.3109/ort.1969.40.suppl-120.01

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…The low calcium diet used in this study was deficient in its calcium content and the animals developed osteopenia as in studies using the same experimental model (6,7). As has been shown before in rats (i.a.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitivity to a low calcium diet in different bones: an experimental study in the adult rat

Rosenquist

Lundgren

1992

European J Oral Sciences

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Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing an average of 550 g were age matched into one control group and one group given a low calcium diet. The animals were followed for 34 wk. There was a similar loss of cancellous bone tissue in the proximal tibia, the first tail vertebra and the mandible due to calcium deficiency. The bone loss was not related to the initial amount of cancellous bone or to the bone-forming activity, which did not differ between experimental and control animals.There is a significant correlation in the age dependent decrease in mitieral density between the mandible and the radius (1). Moreover, edentulous patients with severely resorbed alveolar ridges have lower bone density in the radius than have age matched controls, indicating that the alveolar bone resorption is infiuenced by factors causing systemic bone loss (2). This has been confirmed in further studies and most recently by HABETS et al. (3), who demonstrated increased parathyroid activity in patients suffering from loss of alveolar bone of the mandible.Giving adult animals a diet low in calcium causes osteopenia. Whether this will affect different bones to the same extent and whether the effect is in any way related to the bone formation in the particular area is unclear. The present investigation was therefore undertaken to study if the effect of calcium deficiency in the adult rat was related to possible changes in bone formation in mandibular, tibial and vertebral bone tissue. Material and methodsThirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with an initial average weight of 550 g were used in this study. They were weight-matched into one control and one experimental group.The animals were given a semisynthetic diet (Ewos Co, Sodertalje, Sweden) differing only in its calcium content, which was 320 mrnol/kg in the control group and 19.7 mmol/kg in the experimental group on a dry weight basis. The fiuoride content was 0.26 mmol/kg. The diet was supplied ad libitum as was distilled water.. .After 16 wk five animals from each group were killed by an overdose of sodium pentobarbital given i.v. The remaining animals were followed for another 18 wk and killed in the same way. Six hours before sacrifice the anitnais were given 10 mg/kg of oxytetracycline (Terramycin, Pfizer Inc., New York, USA) i.m.The mandible, the tibiae and the first tail vertebra from each animal were carefully dissected free from soft tissue, fixed and dehydrated in absolute alcohol, changed daily, for 7 days. Tibial length was measured with a vernier calliper.The specimens were embedded in methylmetacrylate. Perpendicular to the long axis ofthe tibia, sections were cut immediately distal to the tibial tuberosity. Cross-sectiotis ofthe mandible were obtained immediately anterior to the first molar of each side and across the first tail vertebra such that the transverse processes were included. Five sections from each animal, roughly 200 |im thick, were thus obtained. These were groutid to a fitial thickness of 80-100 lam. Microradiographs were taken as described earlier (4) ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensitivity to a low calcium diet in different bones: an experimental study in the adult rat

Rosenquist

Lundgren

1992

European J Oral Sciences

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“…Oophorectomy also leads to osteoporosis in mature rats (Larsson 1969;Saville 1969;Aitken, Armstrong and Anderson 1972;Schulz, Sommer and Delling 1973) but the most pronounced changes are seen when oophorectomy is combined with calcium deficiency (Ferguson and Hartles 1970;Hodgkinson, Aaron, Horsman, McLachlan and Nordin 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Calcium Deprivation and Orchidectomy on Bone Composition in the Rat

Hodgkinson

1979

Horm Metab Res

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The effects of calcium deprivation and of orchidectomy, separately and combined, on body growth and bone composition have been examined in mature male rats. Calcium deprivation had no significant effect on the rate of body growth but femoral bone weight, bone ash weight and total calcium and phosphorus contents of the femora were reduced while the water content increased. However, there were no significant changes in the ratio of bone weight to body weight, in the amounts of calcium or phosphorus per unit weight of bone, or in the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the bone. Orchidectomy reduced the rate of body growth, the mean weight of the femora and the ratio of bone weight to body weight. There was a 60% decrease in bone water and a 30--35% reduction in the calcium and phosphorus content of the femora but the amounts of ash, calcium and phosphorus per unit weight of bone fell by only 6--10%. The combination of orchidectomy and calcium deprivation had no greater effect on body weight, bone weight or bone composition than had orchidectomy alone. It is concluded that calcium deprivation and orchidectomy both cause osteoporosis in mature rats but the effects of orchidectomy are more severe than those of calcium deprivation and there appears to be some demineralization of the bone remaining after orchidectomy.

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“…This has led to the hypothesis that callus mast cell products act as carriers of calcium during the mineral phase of bone repair (Lindholm et al 1969). Calcium and vitamin D deficiency has several effects on bone metabolism (Larsson 1969, Sevastikoglou et al 1970. A diet deficient in calcium and vitamin D (ca1cium:phosphorus ratio 1 :16) causes osteopenic changes in the bone matrix and marrow of long bones and increases the number of mast cells, especially in the endosteum in contact with osteoid tissue (Urist & &Lean 1957).…”

Section: R E S U L T Smentioning

confidence: 99%