On the development of the venous system in Polyptems senegalus (Pisces)

Smet, W.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb03073.x

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Moreover, De Smet noted that “the first muscular segment is derived from metamere II”. It is likely that the epimere I, depicted by De Smet in a hatched larva (De Smet, 1969: Plate Ib) is in fact the first meta‐otic somite as envisaged by Goodrich.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing the subcephalic musculature in Pucapampella and Ichthyostega

Kuznetsov,

Kryukova

2023

Journal of Morphology

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We present new reconstructions of subcephalic musculature for the stem chondrichthyan Pucapampella, the tetrapodomorph fish Eusthenopteron, and the Devonian tetrapod Ichthyostega. These reconstructions are based on macroscopic dissections of the head muscles of an archaic shark Heptranchias and an archaic actinopterygian Polypterus, that are combined with functional considerations and a reappraisal of not widely known theoretical concepts from the past. The subcephalic, as well as the supracephalic, musculature is formed by four anterior myomeres. They are continuous with subsequent myomeres of the trunk, but are innervated by ventral nerve roots of the medulla oblongata and thus belong to the head. The fourth subcephalic myomere ends with its posterior myoseptum on the occiput in osteichthyans, but on the first vertebra in chondrichthyans. The original function of subcephalic and supracephalic muscles in basal gnathostomes supposedly was to hold together anterior and posterior parts of the neurocranium during interaction with prey, such as the backward‐ripping prey dissection, hypothesized for Pucapampella. In sarcopterygian osteichthyans, subcephalic musculature is involved in active depression of the anterior part of the neurocranium; specialization of this mechanism resulted in a complete separation of m. subcephalicus from trunk myomeres in Latimeria. Fusion of anterior and posterior parts of the neurocranium has resulted in reduction of the subcephalic musculature in the majority of cartilaginous and bony fishes. However, hexanchid sharks retain three posterior subcephalic myomeres for backward‐ripping prey dissection. Polypterus and Chauliodus have retained the subcephalic musculature, but its function has shifted to a depression of the whole neurocranium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in Polypterus larva, at the stage when it is about 8–9 mm in length, these four anterior myomeres are located not side by side, but meta‐otically, that is, just behind the otic capsule (Britz & Johnson, 2010, fig. 3a; De Smet, 1969, fig. 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing the subcephalic musculature in Pucapampella and Ichthyostega

Kuznetsov,

Kryukova

2023

Journal of Morphology

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The Embryonic and Larval Development of Polypterus senegalusCuvier, 1829: its Staging with Reference to External and Skeletal Features, Behaviour and Locomotory Habits

1997

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Burtsch. P.. Gembd/a. S. & Piotrowski. T. 1997. The embryonic and larval development of Polyptrrus senegalus Cuvier, 1829: its staging with reference to external and skeletal features, behaviour and locomotory habits.-Actci Zuologica (Stockholm) 78: 309-328.The embryonic and larval development of the Polypteriformes, the presumed sister group of all other living actinopterygians, is poorly known. The main reason is the scarcity of successful breedings in captivity and therefore the lack of developmental series of any one polypterid species. A series of five successful breedings of P. senegcilus now makes it possible to define developmental stages of this species based on numerous closely timed specimens. The staging given here focuses on external embryonic and larval features: epidermal surface structures documented by SEM, colour pattern, development of fins and squamation, larval feeding and locomotory behaviour. The development of P. senegalus is characterized by a long free embryonic phase. Suction feeding is performed from the beginning of larval life (apterolarval phase). The pectoral fins start to become employed for slow locomotion and as supportive structures at around the same time. Olfactorily guided prey capture, however, is observed later in the pterolarval phase. Quantitative kinematic data also demonstrate a change in the mode of undulatory locomotion during this phase. Sustained axial undulation becomes confined to the posterior abdominal and caudal region of the body. At about the same time the paraxial high frequency undulation of the pectoral fin fold is replaced by the characteristic propeller-like movement of much greater amplitude and wavelength. Surfacing for aerial breathing is not seen before a marked change in colouration has taken place at the beginning of the juvenile period. The external gills slowly become reduced during this period. The definitions of larval and juvenile stages given here may advance understanding of developmental processes in the ontogeny of these primitive actinopterygians, and may serve as a tool for comparison with the ontogeny of Tetrapoda and Dipnoi, as well as to that of some "primitive" groups of Actinopterygii. Judging from its distribution among extant taxa, embryonic and larval ciliation is a character that most probably belongs to the grundplan$ of Osteognathostomata. Phylogenetic evaluation is not so clear for the two other prominent embryonic and larval specializations found in Polypterus: upper labial attachment glands and opercular external gills. 0 1997 The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.Published by

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On the development of the venous system in Polyptems senegalus (Pisces)

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Reconstructing the subcephalic musculature in Pucapampella and Ichthyostega

Reconstructing the subcephalic musculature in Pucapampella and Ichthyostega

The Embryonic and Larval Development of Polypterus senegalusCuvier, 1829: its Staging with Reference to External and Skeletal Features, Behaviour and Locomotory Habits

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