On the Dimensionalities of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q)

Bernstein, Ira H.; Ellason, Joan W.; Ross, Colin A.; Vanderlinden, Johan

doi:10.1300/j229v02n03_07

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although dissociation has at times been conceptualized as a unidimensional construct (Bernstein & Putnam, 1986;Bernstein, Ellason, Ross, & Vanderlinden 2001), and pathological dissociation as a categorical taxon (Simeon, Knutelska, Nelson, Guralnik, & Schmeidler, 2003) some authors have suggested that dissociation is a multidimensional construct (e.g Holmes et al, 2005). Our data support such a conceptualization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Dissociation and pain perception: An experimental investigation

Horowitz

Telch

2007

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Dissociative symptoms and abnormalities in pain perception have been associated with a range of disorders. The authors tested whether experimentally induced increases in state dissociation would cause an analgesic response. Participants (N = 120) were randomized to a dissociation induction condition via audiophotic stimulation or a credible control condition and were compared on pre‐ and postchanges in subjective pain and immersion time in response to a standard cold pressor test. Unexpectedly, the dissociation induction led to small, but significant increases in subjective pain and did not lead to greater immersion time. An exploratory analysis revealed that increases in absorption and derealization significantly predicted increased subjective pain and increased immersion time, respectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Dissociation and pain perception: An experimental investigation

Horowitz

Telch

2007

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…However, in our study, the absorption and imaginative involvement mean score was higher in MDD patients with childhood trauma. Evidence from I. H. Bernstein, Ellason, Ross, and Vanderlinden (2001) suggests that absorption items are more highly endorsed than amnesia and depersonalization/derealization items, Downloaded by [University of Connecticut] at 04:50 13 October 2014 and this may support the notion that absorption is a common process that is not usually linked to psychopathology. However, certain evidence of an association between absorption and psychotic symptoms contradicts this view (Allen, Coyne, & Console, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dissociation in Major Depressive Disorder: A Pilot Study

Molina-Serrano

Linotte

Amat

et al. 2008

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of various dissociative phenomena in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their possible implications in manifestation and course of depression. We administered the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and a self-questionnaire of life events to 27 patients with MDD and to 40 healthy participants in order to collect information on traumatic events. Patients who scored >or= 20 on the DES were also assessed to determine the presence of dissociative disorder. Patients with MDD reported a significantly higher mean score on the DES than the comparison healthy participants. In all, 12 out of 27 patients with MDD reported childhood trauma, and their mean score on the DES representing absorption and imaginative involvement was significantly higher than that of participants without childhood trauma. Also, 7% of our MDD patients were diagnosed with dissociative disorder during this study. The principal limitations of the study were its small sample size and the use of a nonstandardized trauma measure. These findings indicate that dissociative phenomena should not be overlooked in MDD. Screening methods and structured interview for dissociative disorders are useful in psychiatric and psychological practice. Further studies should analyze the role and clinical consequence of different forms of dissociation experiences.

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“…The high overlap between the identified DES factors (r's range = .62 to .68) and an absence of differential validity suggests that a multidimensional conceptualization has minimal clinical utility with offenders, at least insofar as the external correlates examined here are concerned. Indeed, the marked inconsistency across DES factor analytic results in other samples raises questions concerning the validity of the DES subscales in all samples (e.g., I. H. Bernstein et al, 2001;Ray, 1996). The DES total score exhibited significant relationships with trauma-related variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factor Structure and Correlates of the Dissociative Experiences Scale in a Large Offender Sample

et al. 2008

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The authors examined the psychometric properties, factor structure, and construct validity of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) in a large offender sample (N = 1,515). Although the DES is widely used with community and clinical samples, minimal work has examined offender samples. Participants were administered self-report and interview measures, and a subsample was followed longitudinally to determine criminal and violent recidivism. The DES exhibited good psychometric properties, but an identified three-factor structure was of questionable replicability. Moreover, the DES factors displayed no evidence of differential correlates. DES total scores were correlated with trauma-related variables even after controlling for negative affectivity. Total scores were related to measures of antisocial behavior and aggression but did not predict recidivism. These findings support the reliability and construct validity of the DES in offenders but raise questions regarding the clinical utility of the DES factor scores above and beyond that of the total score.

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On the Dimensionalities of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and the Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q)

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Dissociation and pain perception: An experimental investigation

Dissociation and pain perception: An experimental investigation

Dissociation in Major Depressive Disorder: A Pilot Study

Factor Structure and Correlates of the Dissociative Experiences Scale in a Large Offender Sample

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