On the dynamics of large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances over Europe on 20 November 2003

Borries, Claudia; Jakowski, N.; Kauristie, Kirsti; Amm, O.; Mielich, Jens; Kouba, Daniel

doi:10.1002/2016ja023050

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The propagation characteristics of LSTIDs are always topics of great research interest (Hunsucker, 1982;Ho et al, 1996;Balthazor and Moffett, 1999;Afraimovich et al, 1998Afraimovich et al, , 2000Shiokawa et al, 2002;Tsugawa et al, 2003Tsugawa et al, , 2004Ding et al, 2008Ding et al, , 2014Borries et al, 2009Borries et al, , 2017Habarulema et al, 2015Habarulema et al, , 2018Zakharenkova et al, 2016;Figueiredo et al, 2017;Pederick et al, 2017;Cherniak and Zakharenkova, 2018;Lyons et al, 2019). Based on limited GPS stations measurements, Afraimovich et al (1998) proposed a radio interferometry method to roughly estimate horizontal propagation velocities and phase front angles of TIDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the eastern Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm

Liu

Zhang

Coster³

et al. 2019

Ann. Geophys.

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This study presents a comprehensive observation of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) in the eastern Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick 's Day (17 March 2015) geomagnetic storm. For the first time, three dense networks of GPS receivers in China and Japan are combined together to obtain the twodimensional (2-D) vertical total electron content (VTEC) perturbation maps in a wider longitudinal range than previous studies in this region. Results show that an LSTID spanning at least 60 • in longitude (80-140 • E) occurs as a result of possible atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) propagating from high to lower latitudes at around 09:40-11:40 UT (universal time), and the crest of this LSTID shows a tendency of dissipation starting from the eastern side. The manifestation of the 2-D VTEC perturbation maps is in good agreement with the recordings from two high-frequency Doppler sounders and the iso-frequency lines from eight ionosondes. Then, the propagation parameters of the LSTIDs are estimated by applying least-square fitting methods to the distinct structures in the 2-D VTEC perturbation plots. In general, the propagation parameters are observably longitudinally dependent. For example, the propagation direction is almost due southward between 105 and 115 • E, while it is slightly southwest and southeast in the western and eastern sides of this region. This feature is probably related to the regional geomagnetic declination. The mean values of the period, trough velocity (V t ), crest velocity (V c ), and wavelength of the LSTIDs in the studied longitudinal bands are 74.8 ± 1.4 min, 578 ± 16 m s −1 , 617 ± 23 m s −1 , and 2691 ± 80 km, respectively. Finally, using the VTEC map data from the Madrigal database of the MIT Haystack Observatory, the characteristics of the ionospheric disturbances over the European sector (30-70 • N, 10-20 • E) are also studied. The results are very different from those in the eastern Asian sector in parameters like the occurrence time, oscillation period, and propagation velocities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the eastern Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm

Liu

Zhang

Coster³

et al. 2019

Ann. Geophys.

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“…We should emphasize the fact that the zone of FACs and irregularities are located within the auroral oval zone, while the LSTIDs traveled far away from this auroral zone. The relation between LSTIDs and ionospheric currents during extreme storms in the auroral region has been shown by Borries et al (). They considered Joule heating as the most probable driver for the TIDs generation, demonstrated that TID origin region was very close to the center of the eastward electrojet and LSTIDs were excited at the equatorward border of the trough region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…However, the sparsity of such instruments does not support the spatial‐temporal details needed for investigating LSTIDs. Fortunately, dense networks of the ground‐based Global Positioning System (GPS)/GNSS receivers represent a powerful tool for TIDs monitoring both on regional and global scales (e.g., Borries et al, , ; Ding et al, ; Jakowski et al, ; Nicolls et al, ; Nishioka et al, ; Otsuka et al, ; Pradipta et al, ; Saito et al, ; Tsugawa et al, , ; Zakharenkova et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Origin and Propagation: Case Study of the December 2015 Geomagnetic Storm

Cherniak

Zakharenkova

2018

Space Weather

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We investigate the origin, occurrence, and propagation of large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) over the European region during the 19–21 December 2015 geomagnetic storm. Analysis of the total electron content (TEC) perturbation component is supported by the ground‐based Global Positioning System (GPS) and GLONASS (In Russian: GLObalnaya NAvigazionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema) observations. The high spatial‐temporal resolution mapping approach provides a very detailed specification of the ionospheric small‐ to large‐scale disturbances associated with two major sources of the LSTIDs generation: the solar terminator passage during the quiet time and auroral activity caused by auroral particle precipitation and field‐aligned currents (FACs) intensification during geomagnetic disturbances. For the first time, the joint analysis of the ionospheric plasma irregularities, FACs, and LSTIDs reveals that a zone with the intense FACs and ionospheric irregularities occurred at the same region that represent the most probable source of LSTIDs excitation. During the main phase of the storm, the LSTIDs propagated equatorward from European high latitudes to middle latitudes (35–40°N) with the horizontal velocities of ~700–800 m/s. The LSTIDs as deduced from the TEC‐disturbed component had a much larger magnitude and propagate much longer distances during the daytime (sunlit part) than in the night. We found that an equatorward expansion of the strong ionospheric irregularities zone and an increase of the FACs magnitude led to a simultaneous intensification of the LSTIDs occurrence at high latitudes. The GPS ROTI (rate of TEC index) technique, a sensitive one for detection of the rapid ionospheric gradients and irregularities, could not recognize any signatures of the TIDs structures.

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“…The propagation characteristics of LSTIDs are always topics of great research interest [Hunsuncer, 1982;Ho et al, 1996;Balthazor and Moffett, 1999;Afraimovich et al, 1998Afraimovich et al, , 2000Shiokawa et al, 2002;Tsugawa et al, 2003Tsugawa et al, , 2004Ding et al, 2008Ding et al, , 2014Jakowski et al, 2008;Borries et al, 2009Borries et al, , 2017Habarulema et al, 2015Habarulema et al, , 2016Zakharenkova et al, 2016;Figueiredo et al, 2017;Pederick et al, 2017;Cherniak et al, 2018;Lyons et al, 2019]. Based on limited GPS stations measurements, Afraimovich et al [1998] propose a radio interferometry method to roughly estimate horizontal propagation velocities and phase front angles of TIDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the East Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Coster³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. This study gives the first observation of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) in the East Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day (March 17, 2015) geomagnetic storm. For the first time, 3 dense networks of GPS receivers in China and Japan are combined together to obtain the 2-dimensional (2D) vertical total electron content (VTEC) perturbation maps in a wider longitudinal range than previous works in this region. Results show that a negative LSTID spanning at least 60° in longitude (80° E–140° E) occurs and propagating from high to lower latitudes around 09:40–11:20 UT. It is followed by a positive LSTID which shows a tendency of dissipation starting from the East side. The manifestation of the 2D VTEC perturbation maps is in good agreement with the recordings from 2 high-frequency Doppler shift stations and the iso-frequency lines from 8 ionosondes. Then, the propagation parameters of the LSTIDs are estimated by applying least square fitting methods to the distinct structures in the 2D VTEC perturbation plots. In general, the propagation parameters are observably longitudinal dependent. For example, the propagation direction is almost due southward between 105° E–115° E, while it is slightly South by West/East in the West/East side of this region. This feature is probably related to the regional geomagnetic declination. The mean values of the period, trough velocity (Vt), crest velocity (Vc), and wavelength of the wavelike LSTIDs in the studied longitudinal bands are 74.8 ± 1.4 minutes, 578 ± 16 m/s, 617 ± 23 m/s, and 2691 ± 80 km, respectively. Finally, using the VTEC map data from the Madrigal database of the MIT Haystack Observatory, the characteristics of the ionospheric disturbances over the European sector (30° N–70° N, 10° E–20° E) are also studied. The results are very different from those in the East Asian sector in parameters like the occurrence time, oscillation period, and propagation velocities.

show abstract

On the dynamics of large‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbances over Europe on 20 November 2003

Cited by 30 publications

References 59 publications

A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the eastern Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm

A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the eastern Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm

Large‐Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Origin and Propagation: Case Study of the December 2015 Geomagnetic Storm

A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the East Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm

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