On the effect of melatonin upon human brain. Its possible therapeutic implications

Antón‐Tay, Fernando; Díaz, José‐Luis; Fernández-Guardiola, Augusto

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(71)90155-x

Cited by 306 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Whereas melatonin lacks most of the peripheral pharmacological properties of its precursor 5-HT [Barchas et al, 1967;Wurtman et al, 1968], it remains quite potent in inducing the electroencephalographic and sleep patterns usually attributable to central 5-hydroxytryptaminergic mechanisms [Mashikovskii and Roshchina, 1962;Koella, 1969;Anton-Tay et al, 1971], Although a direct comparison was not made, pinealectomy in rats produced the opposite effect of melatonin on the EEG: cortical hyperactivity with increased frequency and decreased amplitude [Nir et al, 1969].…”

Section: Possible Role O F Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Melatonin and Other Pineal Indoles on Adrenal Enlargement Produced in Male and Female Mice by Pinealectomy, Unilateral Adrenalectomy, Castration, and Cold Stress

Vaughan¹,

Vaughan²,

Reíter³

et al. 1972

Neuroendocrinology

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Pinealectomy produced adrenal hypertrophy in male mice. Melatonin not only reversed this effect, but also caused adrenal hypotrophy, by itself. Pinealectomy also augmented adrenal enlargement due to castration in males, but only the portion of hypertrophy due to pinealectomy was reversed by melatonin. Unilateral adrenalectomy was followed by adrenal enlargement 3 days later in males and females. This effect was reversed in males by melatonin, and in females by melatonin, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptophol, 5-methoxytryptophol, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; less so by 6-hydroxymelatonin; and not at all by 5-hydroxytryptophan or 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid (administered in single doses of 100 µg on the day of operation). Castration gave rise to increased adrenal weight in males, which was not significantly counteracted by melatonin. Adrenals were enlarged in males subjected to an ambient temperature of 5 °C for 4 h on each of 3 successive days, with no amelioration in adrenal weight response when

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Section: Possible Role O F Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Melatonin and Other Pineal Indoles on Adrenal Enlargement Produced in Male and Female Mice by Pinealectomy, Unilateral Adrenalectomy, Castration, and Cold Stress

Vaughan¹,

Vaughan²,

Reíter³

et al. 1972

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Melatonin exerts several neuroendocrine effects: it has been demonstrated that it induces an increase of the brain serotonin content (Anton-Tay et al, 1968) and GABA levels (Anton-Tay et al, 1971), diminishes release of dopamine (Zisapeland Laudon, 1982) and interacts with benzodiazepine receptors (Marangos et al, 1981). The effects of melatonin on endorphin secretion and on other opioid peptides have not yet been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clinical study on the relationship between the pineal gland and the opioid system

Lissoni

Esposti

et al. 1986

J. Neural Transmission

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Recent reports point to a link between the pineal gland and the opioid system. In order to investigate this relationship, two separate studies were performed on humans. Beta-endorphin plasma levels were determined after melatonin administration (0.2 mg/kg b.w. i.m. at 2 p.m.). Melatonin serum values were evaluated after administration of FK 33-824, a met-enkephalin analogue (0.3 mg i.v. infusion at 9 a.m.). A significant decrease of beta-endorphin plasma levels was observed 120 minutes after melatonin injection. Melatonin release was stimulated by FK 33-824, with a peak at 30 minutes. The present results provide evidence of the inhibitory effect of melatonin on beta-endorphin secretion and the stimulatory action of the opioid peptides on the pineal gland. However, further studies will be required to clarify the relationship between the opioid system and the pineal gland.

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“…Me latonin is known to be taken up [1] and specifically bound [30, 44] in the hypothalamus of the laboratory rat and has been visualized in this region by using fluorescence immunohistochemistry [5]. Crystals of melatonin implanted into the brain cause reduction of luteinizing hormone in the rat [II,14], and melatonin administration has been shown to induce behavioral and EEG changes in other species [2,21,26], The present study was undertaken to verify a brain site of melatonin action in a photoperiodic species, the white-footed mouse. The experimental approach involved implantation of melatonin-beeswax pellets either in the brain or subcutaneously.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a Brain Site of Melatonin Action in the White-Footed Mouse, <i>Peromyscus leucopus</i>

Gr²

1982

Neuroendocrinology

105

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A brain site of melatonin action has been determined for the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). Melatonin-beeswax implants releasing small quantities of melatonin (<100 ng/day) caused a 50% reduction in reproductive tract weight relative to controls (p < 0.025) with 83% of these animals having an imperforate vagina, when implanted in the anterior hypothalamic nuclei (AH) and suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Subcutaneous implants had little effect. Implants in the AH and SCN also had a pronounced effect on both lipid-free interscapular brown fat and nesting behavior. Mice implanted in these regions exhibited a 59% increase in interscapular brown fat and 65% more nesting than controls (both p < 0.01). These results suggest that melatonin acts at a region in the anterior hypothalamus which controls photoperiodic adjustments.

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On the effect of melatonin upon human brain. Its possible therapeutic implications

Cited by 306 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Melatonin and Other Pineal Indoles on Adrenal Enlargement Produced in Male and Female Mice by Pinealectomy, Unilateral Adrenalectomy, Castration, and Cold Stress

Effect of Melatonin and Other Pineal Indoles on Adrenal Enlargement Produced in Male and Female Mice by Pinealectomy, Unilateral Adrenalectomy, Castration, and Cold Stress

A clinical study on the relationship between the pineal gland and the opioid system

Evidence for a Brain Site of Melatonin Action in the White-Footed Mouse, <i>Peromyscus leucopus</i>

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