On the Efficacy of Psychoanalysis

Bachrach, Henry M.; Galatzer-Levy, Robert M.; Skolnikoff, Alan Z.; Waldron, Sherwood

doi:10.1177/000306519103900402

Cited by 121 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…One full cen tury after its founding, psychoanalysis still has not made the required effort to obtain objective evidence to convince an increasingly skeptical medical profes sion that it is a more effective mode of therapy than placebo. Thus, unlike various forms of cognitive ther apy and other psychotherapies, for which compelling objective evidence now exists-both as therapies in their own right and as key adjuncts to pharmacother apy-there is as yet no compelling evidence, outside subjective impressions, that psychoanalysis works bet ter than nonanalytically oriented therapy or placebo (125)(126)(127)(128)(129)(130)(131)(132)(133).…”

Section: The Evaluation Of Psychoanalytic Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and the Future of Psychoanalysis: A New Intellectual Framework for Psychiatry Revisited

Kandel¹

2012

The Psychoanalytic Review

121

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The American Journal of Psychiatry has received a number of letters in re sponse to my earlier "Framework" article (1). Some of these are reprinted else where in this issue, and I have answered them briefly there. However, one issue raised by some letters deserves a more detailed answer, and that relates to whether biology is at all relevant to psychoanaly sis. To my mind, this issue is so central to the future of psychoanalysis that it cannot be ad dressed with a brief comment. I therefore have written this article in an attempt to outlinethe impor tance of biology for the future of psychoanalysis.(Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156:505-524)We must recollect that all of our provisional ideas in psychology will presumably one day be based on an or ganic substructure.-Sigmund Freud, "On Narcissism" (2) The deficiencies in our description would probably vanish if we were already in a position to replace the psychological terms with physiological or chemical ones.… We may expect [physiology and chemistry] to give the most surprising information and we cannot guess what answers it will return in a few dozen years of questions we have put to it. They may be of a kind that will blow away the whole of our artificial structure of hypothesis.-Sigmund Freud, "Beyond the Pleasure Principle" (3) During the first half of the twentieth century, psy choanalysis revolutionized our understanding of men tal life. It provided a remarkable set of new insights about unconscious mental processes, psychic deter minism, infantile sexuality, and, perhaps most impor tant of all, about the irrationality of human motiva tion.

show abstract

Section: The Evaluation Of Psychoanalytic Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and the Future of Psychoanalysis: A New Intellectual Framework for Psychiatry Revisited

Kandel¹

2012

The Psychoanalytic Review

121

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Em relação aos resultados esperados da psicoterapia psicodinâmica, alguns autores (Bachrach, Galatzer-Levy, Skolnikoff, & Waldron, 1991;Greene, 1993;Wallerstein, 1986) colocam que é "observada" uma diminuição da angústia, um aumento na capacidade de racionalização dos conflitos, da tolerância à frustração, da capacidade de introspecção e de antecipação da detecção de possíveis estressores ambientais. Além disso, há inúmeros relatos, em estudos de caso, a respeito de alterações na forma de perceber, interpretar e se comportar em relação ao mundo e às outras pessoas.…”

unclassified

Psicoterapia psicodinâmica e tratamento biológico com fluoxetina: comparação de resposta cognitiva em pacientes deprimidos

Bastos

Trentini

2013

Psic.: Teor. e Pesq.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO -A depressão é uma doença grave, com repercussões importantes no humor e na cognição. Tratamentos farmacológicos e/ou psicoterápicos estão comumente indicados. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar e comparar a cognição de pacientes deprimidos antes e após 12 meses de tratamento com fluoxetina ou psicoterapia psicodinâmica. Cento e oitenta pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, e avaliados por meio da WAIS-III. Os resultados mostraram uma melhora significativa em diferentes subtestes da WAIS-III. A MANOVA indicou que há uma diferença significativa entre os grupos nas pontuações médias obtidas na reavaliação 12 meses após o início dos tratamentos. Os resultados sugerem que a psicoterapia psicodinâmica e a terapia com fluoxetina agem de forma diferente na cognição de pacientes deprimidos.Palavras-chave: psicoterapia psicodinâmica, fluoxetina, cognição, depressão Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Biological Treatment with Fluoxetine: Comparison of Cognitive Response in Depressed PatientsABSTRACT -Depression is a serious illness with an important impact on humor and cognition. Pharmacological treatments and/or psychotherapy are commonly indicated. The present study aimed to compare cognition in adult patients diagnosed with depression before and after 12 months of treatment with fluoxetine or psychodynamic psychotherapy. One hundred and eighty depressed patients were divided into two treatment groups, and cognitively assessed with the WAIS-III. Results showed a significant improvement in different subtests of WAIS-III. MANOVA indicated that there is a significant difference between groups in the mean scores of the post-treatment assessment. The results suggest that psychodynamic psychotherapy and fluoxetine act differently on cognition of depressed patients.

show abstract

“…Bachrach and colleagues 16 performed an extensive review of literature dealing with the effectiveness of psychoanalysis. They discussed at length the methodology, design, and results of six systematic studies, including a total of 550 patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

Maat¹,

Jonghe²,

Schoevers³

et al. 2009

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: There is a gap in the research literature on the effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic therapies (LPT). Aim: To present a systematic review of studies dealing with LPT effectiveness and published from 1970 onward. Methods: A systematic literature search for studies dealing with the effectiveness of individual LPT in ambulatory, adult patients. Data about the overall effectiveness of LPT, its impact on symptom reduction, and its effect on personality changes were pooled both at treatment termination and at follow-up, using effect sizes (ESs) and success rates. Results: We found 27 studies (n = 5063). Psychotherapy yielded large mean ESs (0.78 at termination; 0.94 at follow-up) and high mean overall success rates (64% at termination; 55% at follow-up) in moderate/mixed pathology. The mean ES was larger for symptom reduction (1.03) than for personality change (0.54). In severe pathology, the results were similar. Psychoanalysis achieved large mean ESs (0.87 at termination; 1.18 at follow-up) and high mean overall success rates (71% at termination; 54% at follow-up) in moderate pathology. The mean ES for symptom reduction was larger (1.38) than for personality change (0.76). Conclusion: Our data suggest that LPT is effective treatment for a large range of pathologies, with moderate to large effects. (HARV REV PSYCHIATRY 2009;17:1-23.)

show abstract

On the Efficacy of Psychoanalysis

Cited by 121 publications

References 51 publications

Biology and the Future of Psychoanalysis: A New Intellectual Framework for Psychiatry Revisited

Biology and the Future of Psychoanalysis: A New Intellectual Framework for Psychiatry Revisited

Psicoterapia psicodinâmica e tratamento biológico com fluoxetina: comparação de resposta cognitiva em pacientes deprimidos

The Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychoanalytic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About