On the evolution of the pulmonary alveolar lipofibroblast

Torday, John S.; Rehan, Virender K.

doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.12.004

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…They have reduced lung volume and alveolar surface area and the alveolar size does not increase with age. 31 Leptin levels are paradoxically increased in situations of obesity. 32 Although, as a circulating signal, leptin reduces appetite, obese individuals generally exhibit higher circulating concentrations of leptin than do normal-weight individuals, because of their higher percentage of body fat.…”

Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory evaluation through volumetric capnography among grade III obese and eutrophic individuals: a comparative study

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND: Excess trunk body fat in obese individuals influences respiratory physiological function. The aims of this study were to compare volumetric capnography findings (VCap) between severely obese patients and normal-weight subjects and to assess whether there is any association between neck circumference (NC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and VCap among grade III obese individuals. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical observational case-matched cross-sectional study, University of Campinas. METHODS: This cross-sectional study compared VCap variables between 60 stage III obese patients and 60 normal-weight individuals. RESULTS: In comparison with the normal-weight group, obese patients presented higher alveolar minute volume (8.92 ± 4.94 versus 6.09 ± 2.2; P = < 0.0001), CO 2 production (278 ± 91.0 versus 209 ± 60.23; P < 0.0001), expiratory tidal volume (807 ± 365 versus 624 ± 202; P = 0.005), CO 2 production per breath (21.1 ± 9.7 versus 16.7 ± 6.16; P = 0.010) and peak expiratory flow (30.9 ± 11.9 versus 25.5 ± 9.13; P = 0.004). The end-expiratory CO 2 (PetCO 2 ) concentration (33.5 ± 4.88 versus 35.9 ± 3.79; P = 0.013) and the phase 3 slope were normalized according to expired tidal volume (0.02 ± 0.05 versus 0.03 ± 0.01; P = 0.049) were lower in the obese group. CONCLUSIONS: The greater the NC was, the larger were the alveolar minute volume, anatomical dead space, CO 2 production per minute and per breath and expiratory volume; whereas the smaller were the phase 2 slope (P2Slp), phase 3 slope (P3Slp) and pressure drop in the mouth during inspiration.

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Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory evaluation through volumetric capnography among grade III obese and eutrophic individuals: a comparative study

et al. 2019

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“…Epithelial cell growth and differentiation is not adequately supported by MYFs. This results in a disturbed alveolarization, characterizing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (52). High level of neutrophils, IL-8, and leukotrienes in alveolar fluid of BPD infants clearly support the role of inflammation and ROS in the development of this oxidative damage (53).…”

Section: Oxygen Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Use in Neonatal Care: A Two-edged Sword

et al. 2017

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In the neonatal period, the clinical use of oxygen should be taken into consideration for its beneficial and toxicity effects. Oxygen toxicity is due to the development of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as OH• that is one of the strongest oxidants in nature. Of note, generation of ROS is a normal occurrence in human and it is involved in a myriad of physiological reactions. Anyway an imbalance between production of oxidant species and antioxidant defenses, called oxidative stress, could affect various aspect of organisms’ physiology and it could determine pathological consequences to living beings. Neonatal oxidative stress is essentially due to decreased antioxidants, increased ROS, or both. Studies have demonstrated that antioxidant capacity is lower in preterm newborns than term babies. This well-known deficiency of antioxidant factors is only a piece of a cohort of factors, which can be involved in the neonatal oxidative stress and the increased production of ROS may be a main factor. Mechanisms of ROS generation are: mitochondrial respiratory chain, free iron and Fenton reaction, inflammation, hypoxia and/or ischemia, reperfusion, and hyperoxia. Oxidative stress following hyperoxia has been recognized to be responsible for lung, central nervous system, retina, red blood cell injuries, and possibly generalized tissue damage. When supplemental oxygen is needed for care, it would be prudent to avoid changes and fluctuations in SpO2. The definition of the safest level of oxygen saturations in the neonate remains an area of active research. Currently, on the basis of the published evidences, the most suitable approach would be to set alarm limits between 90 and 95%. It should allow to avoid SpO2 values associated with potential hypoxia and/or hyperoxia. Although the usefulness of antioxidant protection in the neonatal period is still under investigation, the risk of tissue damage due to oxidative stress in perinatal period should not be underestimated.

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“…Another important cell type during this stage of lung development is the lipid droplet–containing interstitial fibroblast or lipofibroblast. Lipofibroblasts are located near type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2) and provide them with the triglycerides needed for surfactant production (Torday and Rehan, ) (Fig. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic and pathological roles of fibroblast growth factors in pulmonary diseases

Agha

Seeger

Bellusci

2016

Developmental Dynamics

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) constitute a large family of polypeptides that are involved in many biological processes, ranging from prenatal cell-fate specification and organogenesis to hormonal and metabolic regulation in postnatal life. During embryonic development, these growth factors are important mediators of the crosstalk among ectoderm-, mesoderm-, and endoderm-derived cells, and they instruct the spatial and temporal growth of organs and tissues such as the brain, bone, lung, gut, and others. The involvement of FGFs in postnatal lung homeostasis is a growing field, and there is emerging literature about their roles in lung pathophysiology. In this review, the involvement of FGF signaling in a wide array of lung diseases will be summarized. Developmental Dynamics 246:235-244,

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On the evolution of the pulmonary alveolar lipofibroblast

Cited by 45 publications

References 37 publications

Respiratory evaluation through volumetric capnography among grade III obese and eutrophic individuals: a comparative study

Respiratory evaluation through volumetric capnography among grade III obese and eutrophic individuals: a comparative study

Oxygen Use in Neonatal Care: A Two-edged Sword

Therapeutic and pathological roles of fibroblast growth factors in pulmonary diseases

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