On the Fate of Ingested Pectin

Werch, S. C.; Ivy, A. C.

doi:10.3181/00379727-44-11456

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These experiments showed the usefulness of in vitro studies and supported the observations of others that pectic substrates are extensively degraded during their passage through the large intestine (Werch and Ivy 1941;Cummings et a1 1979;Gramstorff Fetzer et al 1979). The almost complete degradation of the apple cell wall showed that the cellulose was readily degradable, and Ehle et a1 (1982) found a similar result for cabbage cellulose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Degradation of cell wall material of apple and wheat bran by human faecal bacteria in vitro

et al. 1988

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A B S T R A C TThe effect of the structures of plant cell walls and their component polymers on the degradability of dietary fibre by bacteria of the human colon was investigated by inoculating culture media containing cell wall materials of apple and wheat bran with slurries of human faeces which were then incubated for periods of up to 72 h. In the apple substrates the amounts of pectic polysaccharides were extensively depleted afer 12 h, and afer 24 h over 90% of the initial carbohydrate had been degraded. Material which remained afer incubation was probably comprised of highly branched fragments of rhamnogalacturonans, cross-linked by phenolics and proteins, highly branched fragments of cross-linked xyloglucans, and degraded cellulose. In wheat bran the aleurone layer was preferentially degraded, but the glucuronoarabinoxylans, which were cross-linked by phenolic groups, and the lignified outer layers of the bran were very resistant to attack. Bacteria adhered mainly to the broken or damaged surfaces of the plant cell walls, and in the more resistant tissues only penetrated the intercellular regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Degradation of cell wall material of apple and wheat bran by human faecal bacteria in vitro

et al. 1988

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“…This would have the effect of facilitating the subsequent hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds of the polysaccharides, which is brought about by the microorganisms of the large intestine (Werch and Ivy 1941;Kelleher et were present in the cell wall preparations were hydrolysed to amino acids and oligopeptides, which migrated towards the cathode upon HVPE; however, the major polysaccharides of the cell wall were neither degraded to low-molecular-weight products nor solubilised by pepsin or pancreatin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The solubilisation and hydrolysis of spinach cell wall polysaccharides in gastric and pancreatic fluids

et al. 1995

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Abstract:The aim of this work was to investigate the fate, in the upper gut of a monogastric animal, of polymers bound within plant cell walls. Uniformly and specifically 14C-labelled spinach cell walls were incubated in artificial body fluids with and without pepsin or pancreatin. In the absence of enzymes, artificial pancreatic juice (pH 8.8) at 37°C hydrolysed the methyl ester groups of wall-bound pectins [half-life (t1,2) 25 h]; the O-acetyl ester groups of cell wall polysaccharides were much more stable (tliz 84 h). In contrast, artificial gastric juice (pH 1.85) hydrolysed wall-bound acetyl groups more rapidly (t,,2 -24 h) than methyl ester groups ( t , / 2 -350 h). Thus, a proportion of the methyl and acetyl groups of plant cell wall polymers will be released in the upper gut as methanol and acetic acid, raising the question of whether these groups should be included within the definition of dietary fibre. The artificial body fluids also caused limited solubilisation of wall polymers but no hydrolysis to mono-or oligosaccharides. Neither pepsin nor pancreatin promoted the hydrolysis of methyl ester or acetyl groups. The small amounts of [14C]protein present in the cell wall preparations were hydrolysed by pepsin or pancreatin to yield amino acids and oligopeptides; however, the major polysaccharides of spinach cell walls were neither degraded to low-molecular-weight products nor solubilised by these enzymes.

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“…13 Only 10% of pectin is recovered in feces when given alone (15% when provided as part of a mixed meal) in normal volunteers, and 94%-97% after 24 hours in patients with ileostomies, suggesting significant colonic metabolism. 14 In rodent studies, pectin supplementation has been associated with increased maximal colonic wall strength (as determined by increased bursting strength and maximal wall tension) in the anastamotic area following colonic resection. 15 Pectin supplementation also resulted in increased small intestinal weight and length; increased crypt depth and muscle layer thickness in midjejunal and ileal segments 16 ; and enhanced Na and fluid nitrogen absorption, probably mediated via SCFAs.…”

Section: Clinical Relevancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrient Absorption Characteristics in Humans With Short Bowel Syndrome and Jejunocolonic Anastomosis: Starch Is the Most Important Carbohydrate Substrate, Although Pectin Supplementation May Modestly Enhance Short Chain Fatty Acid Production and Fluid Absorption

Atia

Girard-Pipau²,

Hébuterne

et al. 2011

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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On the Fate of Ingested Pectin

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Degradation of cell wall material of apple and wheat bran by human faecal bacteria in vitro

Degradation of cell wall material of apple and wheat bran by human faecal bacteria in vitro

The solubilisation and hydrolysis of spinach cell wall polysaccharides in gastric and pancreatic fluids

Macronutrient Absorption Characteristics in Humans With Short Bowel Syndrome and Jejunocolonic Anastomosis: Starch Is the Most Important Carbohydrate Substrate, Although Pectin Supplementation May Modestly Enhance Short Chain Fatty Acid Production and Fluid Absorption

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