On the functional organisation of drives

Holst, Erich v.; Paul, Ursula von Saint

doi:10.1016/0003-3472(63)90002-2

Cited by 138 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Dropf krticken -t Knopf drticken (34) kriegt er Schliig-tschliegt er Kdig (35) vergass ganz-tverganz gass (36) kraht kein Hahn-thiiht keinKrahn (37) Paprikaschnitzl-tSchniprikapatzl (38) However, reversals rarely broke up consonant clusters (as in [39]). …”

Section: (E) the Syllabic Structure Hypothesisunclassified

“…Exactly such a property is built into reciprocal inhibitory mechanisms. After one of the components of a reciprocal inhibitory system is activated, the other component becomes hyperexcited and this rebound in excitability is sometimes sufficient to influence behavior [38]. Thus rebound after-discharge due to iilhibitory interaction between similar phonemes may cause post-entry of the earlier phoneme in Spoonerisms.…”

Section: The Post-entry Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[34][35]) were quite frequent, as were exchanges of single consonants and consonant clusters (e.g. [36][37][38]). …”

Section: (E) the Syllabic Structure Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spoonerisms: The structure of errors in the serial order of speech

1970

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Abstract-Spoonerisms are defined as involuntary rearrangements of elements in the serial order of speech, as when waste the term is produced as taste the werm. An analysis of 124 Spoonerisms in the natural speech of Germans showed that:1. Identical phonemes usually preceded (or followed) the reversed phonemes. 2. Reversals preceding identical phonemes were as common as reversals following identical phonemes. / 3. Reversed phonemes usually had similar articulatory form, i.e. voicing, nasality, open ness, and syllabic position were usually similar. But the place of articulation of reversed phonemes differed more frequently than would be expected by chance.Without serious revision chain-association theories appeared incapable of explaining these and other aspects of Spoonerisms. An alternative theory of serial order was proposed which had potential application not only to the pronunciation of words, but to the syntax of other forms of behavior and perception as well.

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Section: (E) the Syllabic Structure Hypothesisunclassified

Section: The Post-entry Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spoonerisms: The structure of errors in the serial order of speech

1970

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“…(p. 185) Trying to explain how the brain controls motivated behavior without motivational concepts is like trying to understand what your computer does without concepts of software. Erich von Holst (1963), an important early behavioral neuroscientist, emphasized that we need what he called 'level-adequate' concepts to understand how brains control behavior. Level adequate means an explanation that adequately matches the level of complexity of the thing we are trying to explain.…”

Section: Current Scenario and Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on a footnote: implications for the study of emotions in animals

Otta

2015

Psicol. USP

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<p>A footnote (FN) originally submitted as a comment to the article "Parsing Reward" led me to write this essay. The comment was rejected by the editor of a prestigious scientific journal in the area of behavioral neuroscience with the suggestion that it would be more appropriate for an "idle talk". I believe that the core issues involved are important to address explicitly in a debate within the broad domain of the frontiers of human and biological sciences. The protagonists involved in the didactic episode of the FN, whose articles and books I have been reading over the years, are leaders in the field of neuroscience. In this essay the episode is historically contextualized and discussed in terms of potential implications for ethology, psychology and neuroscience.</p>

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“…Holst and v. Saint Paul [1963] also proposed a series of 'initial common paths' for the central afferent system where electrical stimula tion elicited complete behavioral sequences. These elicited behaviors were most affected by the internal state of the animal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Specificity of Vocalizations Elicited by Electrical Brain Stimulation in the Turkey <i>(Meleagris gallopavo)</i>

Anschel

1977

Brain Behav Evol

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All presently known naturally occurring call types, except those associated with dominance threat, were elicited with electrical brain stimulation in the turkey. Most vocalizations closely resembled contact and alarm calls. A concentration of sites for contact calls was in the dorsomedial thalamus and midbrain. Mechanical-sounding contact-type calls were elicited from sites in the central neostriatum caudale and paleostriatum primitivum. Vocalization specificity and latency indicate that the lateral mesencephalic grey may be an area of convergence of some efferent vocalization fibers. Anomalous vocalizations were elicited only in one site in the hyperstriatum ventrale. Singing was elicited reliably in the absence of any known key stimulus. Most of these vocalizations resembled the singing of nonstimulated turkeys in the natural situation. The major exception was that mesencephalic-grey-stimulation-elicited vocalizations were shorter in duration. Gobbling was elicited from two sites in sensory projection areas of the brain. Elicited gobbles were similar to natural calls except for the relative frequency of occurrence of certain syllables and the rapid habituation to brain stimulation.

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On the functional organisation of drives

Cited by 138 publications

References 4 publications

Spoonerisms: The structure of errors in the serial order of speech

Spoonerisms: The structure of errors in the serial order of speech

Reflections on a footnote: implications for the study of emotions in animals

Functional Specificity of Vocalizations Elicited by Electrical Brain Stimulation in the Turkey <i>(Meleagris gallopavo)</i>

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