On the giant supercluster binary-like system formed by the Corona Borealis and Abell 2142

Pillastrini, Giovanni C. Baiesi

doi:10.1016/j.newast.2018.11.005

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…1 we show the sky distribution of galaxy groups in the CB and its surrounding region, which also includes the supercluster SCl A2142. SCl A2142 is partly projected on the Gr2064 part of CB, and is connected with it by a filament through a void between superclusters (Kopylova & Kopylov 2007;Pillastrini 2019;Einasto et al 2020).…”

Section: Supercluster Group and Filament Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Corona Borealis supercluster: connectivity, collapse, and evolution

Einasto

Kipper

Tenjes

et al. 2021

A&A

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Context. Rich superclusters of galaxies represent dynamically active environments in which galaxies and their systems form and evolve. Aims. We study the dynamical properties and connectivity of the richest galaxy clusters in the Corona Borealis (CB) supercluster and of the whole supercluster, and analyse star formation of galaxies in them with the aim to understand the evolution of the supercluster and the galaxies within it. We compare it with the supercluster SCl A2142. Methods. We used the luminosity-density field to determine the high-density cores of the CB. We identified the richest galaxy clusters in them and studied the dynamical state of the clusters, analysed their substructure, and studied the star formation properties of galaxies in them using normal mixture modelling and the projected phase space diagram. We determined filaments in the supercluster to analyse the connectivity of clusters. To understand the possible future evolution of the CB, we compared the mass distribution in it with predictions from the spherical collapse model and analysed the gravitational acceleration field in the CB. Results. The richest clusters in the high-density cores of the CB are the Abell clusters A2065, A2061 (together with A2067), A2089, and Gr2064. At a radius R30 around each cluster (corresponding to the density contrast Δρ ≈ 30), the galaxy distribution shows a minimum. The R30 values for individual clusters lie in the range of 3 − 6 h−1 Mpc. The radii of the clusters (splashback radii) lie in the range of Rcl ≈ 2 − 3 Rvir. The projected phase space diagrams and the comparison with the spherical collapse model suggest that R30 regions have passed turnaround and are collapsing, forming infall regions around each cluster. Galaxies in the richest cluster of the CB, A2065, and in its infall region have on average younger stellar populations than other clusters and their environment. The cluster A2061 has the highest fraction of galaxies with very old stellar populations, similar to those in A2142. The number of long filaments that begin near clusters vary from one near A2089 to five near A2061. The total connectivity of these clusters (the number of infalling groups and filaments) varies from two to nine. Conclusions. During the future evolution, the clusters in the main part of the CB may merge and form one of the largest bound systems in the nearby Universe. Another part, with the cluster Gr2064, will form a separate system. Our study suggests that structures with a current characteristic density contrast Δρ ≈ 30 have passed turnaround and started to collapse at redshifts z ≈ 0.3 − 0.4. The comparison of the number and properties of the most massive collapsing supercluster cores from observations and simulations may serve as a test for cosmological models.

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Section: Supercluster Group and Filament Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Corona Borealis supercluster: connectivity, collapse, and evolution

Einasto

Kipper

Tenjes

et al. 2021

A&A

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“…It extends to ≈ 124 Mpc and contains 57 member clusters. SCl 2 is a composite entity of two substantial sub-structures, the Corona Borealis (CB) supercluster and the Abell 2142 supercluster, weakly connected by a chain of galaxies and poor groups (Pillastrini 2019;Einasto et al 2021). Two of the three GRGs in SCl 2, which are also BCGs, exhibit bent radio morphologies, underscoring the influence of their dynamic local environment.…”

Section: Two Exceptional Superclusters With Giant Radio Galaxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search and analysis of giant radio galaxies with associated nuclei (SAGAN)

Sankhyayan,

Dabhade

2024

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We investigated the prevalence of giant radio galaxies (GRGs), some of the largest structures powered by supermassive black holes, within supercluster environments, and the influence of such environments on their properties. Utilising two large catalogues of superclusters (401) and GRGs (1446), we established the existence of 77 GRGs (5.3%) residing in 64 superclusters (16%) within 0.05 ≤ z ≤ 0.42. Among the 77 GRGs found in superclusters, we identified ∼70% as residing within galaxy clusters. Within the subset of GRGs not located in superclusters, which constitutes 94.7% of the sample, a mere 21% are associated with galaxy clusters, while the remaining majority are situated in sparser environments. We examined the influence of differing environments, such as cluster versus non-cluster and supercluster versus non-supercluster regions, on the size of GRGs, while also exploring the driving factors behind their overall growth. Our findings show that the largest GRGs (≳3 Mpc) grow in underdense environments beyond the confines of dense environments. Moreover, we show that ∼24% of 1446 GRGs reside in galaxy clusters. We conclude that GRGs preferentially grow in sparser regions of the cosmic web and have a significantly larger median size. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of GRGs as astrophysical probes with specific cases where GRGs, exhibiting polarised emissions and located behind superclusters (acting as natural Faraday screens), were used to estimate magnetic field strengths of the supercluster environment at sub-microgauss levels.

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A three-component giant radio halo: The puzzling case of the galaxy cluster Abell 2142

Bruno,

Botteon,

Shimwell

et al. 2023

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Context. Turbulence introduced into the intracluster medium (ICM) through cluster-merger events transfers energy to non-thermal components, and can trigger the formation of diffuse synchrotron radio sources. Typical diffuse sources in the form of giant radio halos and mini-halos are found in merging and relaxed cool-core galaxy clusters, respectively. On the other hand, recent observations reveal an increasing complexity to the non-thermal phenomenology. Aims. Abell 2142 (A2142) is a mildly disturbed cluster that exhibits uncommon thermal and non-thermal properties. It is known to host a hybrid halo consisting of two components (H1 and H2), namely a mini-halo-like and an enigmatic elongated radio halo-like structure. We aim to investigate the properties, origin, and connections of each component. Methods. We present deep LOFAR observations of A2142 in the frequency ranges 30–78 MHz and 120 − 168 MHz. With complementary multi-frequency radio and X-ray data, we analysed the radio spectral properties of the halo and assessed the connection between the non-thermal and thermal components of the ICM. Results. We detect a third radio component (H3), which extends over the cluster volume on scales of ∼2 Mpc, embeds H1 and H2, and has a morphology that roughly follows the thermal ICM distribution. The radio spectral index is moderately steep in H1 (α = 1.09 ± 0.02) and H2 (α = 1.15 ± 0.02), but is steeper (α = 1.57 ± 0.20) in H3. Our analysis of the thermal and non-thermal properties allowed us to discuss possible formation scenarios for each radio component. Turbulence from sloshing motions of low-entropy gas on different scales may be responsible for the origin of H1 and H2. We classified H3 as a giant ultrasteep spectrum radio halo, and find that it may trace the residual activity from an old energetic merger and/or inefficient turbulent reacceleration induced by ongoing minor mergers.

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On the giant supercluster binary-like system formed by the Corona Borealis and Abell 2142

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

The Corona Borealis supercluster: connectivity, collapse, and evolution

The Corona Borealis supercluster: connectivity, collapse, and evolution

Search and analysis of giant radio galaxies with associated nuclei (SAGAN)

A three-component giant radio halo: The puzzling case of the galaxy cluster Abell 2142

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