On the grammaticalization of *kw i-/kw o- relative clauses in Proto-Indo-European

Luján, Eugenio R.

doi:10.1075/cilt.305.22luj

Cited by 33 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Pronominal stems deriving from PIE *kʷi-/*kʷo-are also well-attested with the relative meaning in many IE languages, from Anatolian to Latin and Italic dialects (see a survey in Luján 2009;cf. also Dunkel 2014: 452), and perhaps also Armenian (see §2.4).…”

Section: Source Of the Markmentioning

confidence: 95%

Marking of quality modifiers in 2nd-generation IE languages

Keidan

2020

Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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In PIE, quality modifiers were expressed by stative verbs and nominal epithets, rather than by special adjectival lexemes. Adjectives did not form a separate lexical class. This made the encoding of the NP constituency less explicit. If we consider what I suggest calling “second-generation IE languages” we can observe a general tendency to create new, more explicit morphological means of dependency marking within a NP. The exact outcomes of this diachronic process vary from one language to another. However, if we parametrise the variation, a common pattern becomes clearly observable. In all the languages analysed in the present paper, there is a pronoun undergoing grammaticalisation as a dependency marker. What varies is (1) the position of this element with respect to the nominal base (pre- vs. postposed); (2) the degree of agglutination (bound morpheme vs. clitic vs. free morpheme); and (3) the locus of marking (head vs. modifier vs. double or alternant marking); (4) the source morpheme that undergoes grammaticalisation (relative vs. demonstrative pronoun).

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Section: Source Of the Markmentioning

confidence: 95%

Marking of quality modifiers in 2nd-generation IE languages

Keidan

2020

Poznan Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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“…Indo‐European indefinite pronouns, homophonous with interrogative pronouns, are presumed to have evolved into correlative or relative pronouns (cf. Potebnja : 215–219; Haspelmath ; Luján ). In (25), for instance, an indefinite pronoun čto ‘what‐ nom ’ forms a noun phrase with the following noun smjatenie ‘disturbance‐ nom ’ .…”

Section: Reconstructing the Emergence Of The Russian čTo Za Phrasementioning

confidence: 99%

What is for for?: Reconstructing the development of what for construction in russian

Kwon

2015

Trans of the Philol Soc

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The present article addresses the question of what for is for in the so‐called what for construction of Russian, namely, za in the čto za construction. Establishing that za in certain contexts is in fact a predicator that connects a subject to its predicate, this paper argues that the same element in the čto za construction also belongs to this grammatical category and should not be considered a preposition with an eccentric case assigning property. This analysis crucially assumes that the construction starts out as a wh‐question of a small clause base. Various aspects concerning the suggested development of the čto za construction are addressed in detail: (i) how a wh‐predication transforms into a wh‐modification, (ii) how the expressive semantics can be imbued by the expression, and (iii) whether German provided a source of the construction for other languages, including Russian.a crazy synchronic state of the grammar has arisen via diachronic changes that are highly natural and, presumably, motivated independently by various communicative factors. (Givón 1979: 235, emphasis added)

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Interrogatives as relativization markers in Indo-European

Auderset

2020

DIA

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The use of interrogative pronouns as relative clause markers is often mentioned as a typical feature of European languages. This study presents an empirical approach to the distribution of interrogative pronouns as relative clause markers in time and space in the Indo-European language family. Based on a comprehensive sample of ancient and modern Indo-European languages, it is shown that interrogative-marked relative clauses are present in all stages of Indo-European within and outside of Europe. An analysis by branch suggests that this constitutes a case of parallel innovations subsequently spreading via language contact. The study also shows that interrogatives are used as relative clause markers independently of whether they are inflected pronouns or invariable markers.

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On the grammaticalization of *kw i-/kw o- relative clauses in Proto-Indo-European

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Marking of quality modifiers in 2nd-generation IE languages

Marking of quality modifiers in 2nd-generation IE languages

What is for for?: Reconstructing the development of what for construction in russian

Interrogatives as relativization markers in Indo-European

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