On the hydrogen and oxygen content of marine phytoplankton

Anderson, L.

doi:10.1016/0967-0637(95)00072-e

Cited by 383 publications

(372 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Under these nutrient sufficient conditions, the biochemical composition of the products of synthesis of marine phytoplankton should be close to the Redfield values reported in Table 2 (Anderson, 1995;Fraga et al, 1998). Therefore, the deviations from the Redfield stoichiometry observed in the net ecosystem metabolism of the Ría de Ares-Betanzos are likely due to a faster recycling of phosphorus compounds and proteins compared with carbohydrates and lipids (Suess and Muller, 1980;Klump and Martens, 1983).…”

Section: Nutrient Fertilization and Net Utilization Patternsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Net ecosystem metabolism of a coastal embayment fertilised by upwelling and continental runoff

Villegas‐Ríos

Álvarez‐Salgado

Piedracoba

et al. 2011

Continental Shelf Research

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O 2 , N, P and Si net ecosystem metabolism of the Ría de Ares-Betanzos (NW Iberian upwelling system) was estimated during two 3-wk periods of contrasting summer downwelling and autumn upwelling conditions by means of a transient 2-D kinematic box model. The subtidal circulation was positive in both situations, although it was depressed during downwelling and enhanced during upwelling. Concurrently, the ría was fertilised mainly by shelf bottom waters, which introduced from 69% (under downwelling) to almost 100% (under upwelling) of the limiting N nutrients. The ría was an efficient nutrient trap: about 70% of the N nutrients that entered the embayment were retained under downwelling conditions (average flushing time, 9 days) and about 50% under upwelling conditions (average flushing time 3 days). Although the trapping efficiency was lower, the net ecosystem production (NEP) was much higher under upwelling (from 1.0 ± 0.3 to 1.5 ± 0.4 g C m -2 d -1 ), than under downwelling favourable winds (from 0.2 ± 0.1 to 0.3 ± 0.1 g C m -2 ). The stoichiometry of NEP suggests that P and N compounds recycled faster than C compounds, specially in the inner segment of the ría. The net degree of silification was twice in the inner than in the outer segment of the ría.

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Section: Nutrient Fertilization and Net Utilization Patternsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Net ecosystem metabolism of a coastal embayment fertilised by upwelling and continental runoff

Villegas‐Ríos

Álvarez‐Salgado

Piedracoba

et al. 2011

Continental Shelf Research

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“…Under the given conditions, the sea-to-air O 2 flux was calculated to be 2.6 × 10 5 μmol m −2 day −1 . By assuming an -O 2 :C exchange ratio of 1.4 for marine organic matter (Laws, 1991;Anderson, 1995), NCP was estimated to be 2.2 × 10 3 mgC m −2 day −1 from the calculated sea-to-air O 2 flux.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and short-term variations in atmospheric potential oxygen at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Goto

Morimoto

Aoki

et al. 2017

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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Oxygen in the atmosphere undergoes variations and changes in response to biospheric activities, ocean-atmosphere exchange and fossil fuel combustion. Continuous in situ measurements of atmospheric δ(O 2 /N 2 ) and CO 2 mole fraction were started at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78.93°N, 11.83°E, 40 m a.s.l.) in November 2012. Atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) calculated from the measured O 2 and CO 2 values during November 2012-January 2015 show a clear seasonal cycle with a peak-to-peak amplitude of approximately 50 per meg. The seasonal cycle of APO simulated using an atmospheric transport model, with prescribed oceanic O 2 , N 2 and CO 2 fluxes at monthly time intervals, is in excellent agreement with the observed APO. However, in spring and early summer, high values of APO are observed irregularly on a timescale of hours to days. By comparing backward trajectories of air parcels released from the site with distributions of marine net primary production (NPP), and tagged tracer experiments made using the atmospheric transport model for APO, it is found that these high APO fluctuations are primarily attributable to O 2 emissions from the Greenland Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea, due to marine biological productivity. Marine net community production, estimated based on the sea-to-air O 2 flux derived from observed APO fluctuations, agrees with NPP obtained from satellite observations within an order of magnitude. The results obtained in this study have still some uncertainties, but our continuous observations of atmospheric δ(O 2 /N 2 ) and CO 2 mole fraction at Ny-Ålesund can play an important role in detecting possible changes in the carbon cycle in the near future.

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“…3b). The NC T cor/NO 3 Ϫ molar ratio was 9±2, indicating there was production of organic matter with an excess of carbohydrate, compared with the Redfield composition of planktonic organic matter with a C/N ratio of 6.7 (Anderson, 1995). Accumulation of PON susp and DON accompanied NO 3 Ϫ consumption (Fig.…”

Section: The Coastal Upwelling Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average composition of the initial products of phytoplankton production and early degradation (Anderson, 1995) is C 106 H 175 O 42 N 16 P (54.5% proteins, 25.5% carbohydrates, 16.1% lipids and 4.0% nucleic acids), has a molar C/N ratio of 6.6. The average C/N ratios of the POM susp +DOM excess was 6.8±1.0 in the coast and 6.5±0.4 in the filament.…”

Section: Lability Of the Exported Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Off-shelf fluxes of labile materials by an upwelling filament in the NW Iberian Upwelling System

Álvarez-Salgado

Doval

Borges

et al. 2001

Progress in Oceanography

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Daily changes in the concentrations of carbon and nitrogen species were monitored during the course of a Lagrangian drifter experiment in a recurrent upwelling filament south of Cape Finisterre (NW Iberian Upwelling System). A drifting buoy released at the southern edge of the upwelling centre generated by the Cape moved 60km southwestwards from 3 to 7 August 1998. Organic matter in the 50m deep study water mass (average 77±2 µM C) consisted of: 57µM C of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with a C/N molar ratio of 19±2; 6µM C of DOM with a C/N ratio of 9±2, and 14µM C of 50% DOM and 50% suspended organic matter (POM susp ) with a C/N ratio of 6.0±0.4.Net conversion of consumed inorganic salts into accumulated TOM=POM susp +DOM was ෂ40% for nitrogen and ෂ30% for carbon. Since the parcel of water crossed the shelf-edge, these conversion efficiencies are equivalent to net horizontal export-ratio of 0.4 and 0.3 respectively. A second drifter was deployed in the offshore-end of the filament, and was displaced 20km west between 14 and 17 August 1998. Nitrate was exhausted in the surface water and no significant changes were observed in the variables measured during the course of the second experiment. Low C/N ratios (6.5±0.4) and rapid POM susp /DOM inter-conversion in the 20 µM C excess observed in the study volume points to the persistence of the labile materials formed on the shelf during transport to the ocean. Our data demonstrate a) the key role of upwelling filaments in off-shelf export of organic materials and b) the major contribution of DOM to this horizontal export, a previously unaccounted amount.The high nitrogen content of the materials exported make them attractive organic substrates for use by microbial populations in the adjacent oligotrophic ocean. 

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On the hydrogen and oxygen content of marine phytoplankton

Cited by 383 publications

References 5 publications

Net ecosystem metabolism of a coastal embayment fertilised by upwelling and continental runoff

Net ecosystem metabolism of a coastal embayment fertilised by upwelling and continental runoff

Seasonal and short-term variations in atmospheric potential oxygen at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Off-shelf fluxes of labile materials by an upwelling filament in the NW Iberian Upwelling System

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