On the impact of load modelling on distribution network studies

Bletterie, Benoît; Latif, Aadil; Zehetbauer, Paul; Villanueva, Sergio Martínez; Ramos, Esther Romero; Renner, Herwig

doi:10.1109/isgteurope.2017.8260262

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A common ZIP load structure has even been employed in studies following model-free approaches of distribution system optimization, see [20] for example (phasor regulation strategy), with the work assuming the simplest form of an unbalanced system. Comparisons between different load models have been performed, though these are either on a purely technical level, i.e., behavior of single, standalone load [21], or comparisons between the standard ZIP model and different approximations of it [22]. Comprehensive studies of all possible ZIP structures as they related to optimizing distribution system behavior are lacking from the literature.…”

Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) Photovoltaics: The apparent power generated by the applied solar irradiation, S gen p,z,t , can be curtailed up to a certain percentage, M P V (20), resulting into the apparent power at the inverter level, S inv p,z,t . The PV's power factor (pf) is partially flexible, allowing for the utilization of a PV's reactive power (21)- (22). Said flexibility is limited by the PV's traditional PCC, as dictated by (23).…”

Section: Device Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Multi-Period Optimal Power Flow Framework for Smart LV Networks

Avramidis

Capitanescu

2021

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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This paper presents an extensive multi-period optimal power flow framework, with new modelling elements, for smart LV distribution systems that rely on residential flexibility for combating operational issues. A detailed performance assessment of different setups is performed, including: ZIP flexible loads (FLs), varying degrees of controllability of conventional residential devices, such as electric vehicles (EVs) or photovoltaics (PVs), by the distribution system operator (DSO) (adhering to customer-dependent restrictions) and full exploitation of the capabilities offered by state-of-the-art inverter technologies. A comprehensive model-dependent impact assessment is performed, including phase imbalances, neutral and ground wires and load dependencies. The de-congestion potential of common residential devices is highlighted, analyzing capabilities such as active power redistribution, reactive power support and phase balancing. Said potential is explored on setups where the DSO can make only partial adjustments on customer profiles, rather than (as is common) deciding on the full profiles. The extensive analysis can be used by DSOs and researchers alike to make informed decisions on the required levels of modelling detail, the connected devices and the degrees of controlability. The formulation is computationally efficient, scaling well to medium-size systems, and can serve as an excellent basis for building more tractable or more targeted approaches.

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Section: B Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Device Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Multi-Period Optimal Power Flow Framework for Smart LV Networks

Avramidis

Capitanescu

2021

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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“…Generally, loads are grouped in three categories (ZIP model): constant power loads (power demand is constant regardless of the voltage), constant current loads (power demand is proportional to the voltage), or constant impedance loads (power demand is proportional to the voltage squared). The most widely used model in static studies is the constant power model because a safer evaluation of voltage profiles is obtained [39], [40]. For this reason, constant power model has been considered although any other model can be easily implemented.…”

Section: Load Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Performance of Low Voltage Networks by an Optimized Unbalance Operation of Three-Phase Distributed Generators

Gastalver-Rubio¹,

Ramos

Ortega

2019

IEEE Access

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This work focuses on using the full potential of PV inverters in order to improve the efficiency of low voltage networks. More specifically, the independent per-phase control capability of PV threephase four-wire inverters, which are able to inject different active and reactive powers in each phase, in order to reduce the system phase unbalance is considered. This new operational procedure is analyzed by raising an optimization problem which uses a very accurate modelling of European low voltage networks. The paper includes a comprehensive quantitative comparison of the proposed strategy with two state-ofthe-art methodologies to highlight the obtained benefits. The achieved results evidence that the proposed independent per-phase control of three-phase PV inverters improves considerably the network performance contributing to increase the penetration of renewable energy sources.INDEX TERMS Low voltage systems, minimization of unbalances, smart grid optimization, three-phase balancing photovoltaic inverters. NOMENCLATUREThe following notation has been considered within the paper: D: complex variable. D:vector of complex variables. D:RMS magnitude of a complex variable. d:real variable or parameter. d:vector of real variables or real functions. i, j, k, l: indexes associated to buses. q:index associated to each of the network phases (a, b, c) and the neutral n. p:index associated to each of the network phases (a, b, c) but excluding the neutral n.

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“…Entre los componentes que deben ser modelados se encuentran las cargas. Prácticamente todos los estudios se ven influenciados por los modelos de carga, algunos ejemplos son: estudios y aplicaciones que evalúan la estabilidad de tensión, ángulo o frecuencia [1]- [5]; estudios de despacho económico [6]; ajuste de protecciones, localización de fallas, tiempo de despeje de fallas [7], [8]; localización y dimensionamiento óptimo de capacitores y generación distribuida [9], [10]; flujo de potencia óptimo [11]; entre muchos otros [12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estado del Arte y Tendencias en el Modelamiento de Carga

Constante¹,

Colomé

2022

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El modelamiento de la carga es fundamental en el diseño, planificación, operación, control y muchos otros estudios y aplicaciones relacionados al correcto funcionamiento de los sistemas eléctricos. Aunque el modelamiento de carga ha sido ampliamente estudiado en el pasado, hoy en día ha resurgido un gran interés por parte de los investigadores y la industria debido: al cambio tecnológico de la demanda, al crecimiento continuo de las redes, a la operación cerca de los límites de estabilidad, a la generación distribuida, al gran despliegue de tecnologías de medición, entre muchos otros. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una revisión bibliográfica sobre modelamiento de carga, en la cual se prioriza las investigaciones de la última década. Para lograr el objetivo precitado primero se propone, a conocimiento de los autores, la primera metodología sistemática de clasificación bibliográfica enfocada específicamente al modelamiento de carga. En base a esta metodología se deducen los resultados que incluyen: tendencias actuales de investigación, áreas poco investigadas y nichos futuros de investigación; estos resultados son claramente descritos y resaltados.

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On the impact of load modelling on distribution network studies

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

A Comprehensive Multi-Period Optimal Power Flow Framework for Smart LV Networks

A Comprehensive Multi-Period Optimal Power Flow Framework for Smart LV Networks

Improving the Performance of Low Voltage Networks by an Optimized Unbalance Operation of Three-Phase Distributed Generators

Estado del Arte y Tendencias en el Modelamiento de Carga

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