On the Impact of Particulate Matter Distribution on Pressure Drop of Wall-Flow Particulate Filters

Bermúdez, Vicente; Serrano, José Ramón; Piqueras, Pedro; Sanchis, Enrique José

doi:10.3390/app7030234

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(41 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The use of the particulate filter has a great impact on the engine performance and its fluid-dynamic behaviour, increasing the exhaust backpressure [6] and affecting the wave dynamics of the exhaust line [7]. The accumulation of soot inside and on the porous walls of the filter [8] aggravates these effects and leads the engine specific fuel consumption to increase [9]. For this reason, and taking into account the limited capacity of the filter for soot accumulation [10], after a certain operating time it is necessary to induce a regeneration process consisting of the oxidation of the soot particulates stored inside the filter [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Fuel Post-Injection Influence on the Dynamics and Efficiency of Wall-Flow Particulate Filters Regeneration

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Late fuel post-injections are the most usual strategy to reach high exhaust temperature for the active regeneration of diesel particulate filters. However, it is important to optimise these strategies in order to mitigate their negative effect on the engine fuel consumption. This work aims at understanding the influence of the post-injection parameters, such as its start of injection and its fuel quantity, on the duration of the regeneration event and the fuel consumption along it. For this purpose, a set of computational models are employed to figure out in a holistic way the involved phenomena in the interaction between the engine and the exhaust gas aftertreatment system. Firstly, an engine model is implemented to evaluate the effect of the late fuel post-injection pattern on the gas properties at the exhaust aftertreatment system inlet in different steady-state operating conditions. These are selected to provide representative boundary conditions of the exhaust gas flow concerning dwell time, exhaust temperature and O 2 concentration. In this way, the results are later applied to the analysis of the diesel oxidation catalyst and wall-flow particulate filter responses. The dependence of the diesel particulate filter (DPF) inlet temperature is discussed based on the efficiency of each post-injection strategy to increase the exhaust gas temperature. Next, the influence on the dynamics of the regeneration of the post-injection parameters through the change in gas temperature and O 2 concentration is finally studied distinguishing the pre-heating, maximum reactivity and late soot oxidation stages as well as the required fuel consumption to complete the regeneration process.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Fuel Post-Injection Influence on the Dynamics and Efficiency of Wall-Flow Particulate Filters Regeneration

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The introduction of biodiesel or other alternative fuels in the engine operation brings a new variable to the post-combustion systems. Biofuels alter the particle size distribution in the exhaust gases [23,24], and this affects in turn the performance of the DPF [25]. The combustion of biodiesel reduces the primary particle diameter [26] and shifts the distribution curve towards smaller particles [24,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of a Wall-Flow Particulate Filter Made of Biomorphic Silicon Carbide Able to Fit Different Fuel/Biofuel Inputs

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To meet the increasingly strict emission limits imposed by regulations, internal combustion engines for transport applications require the urgent development of novel emission abatement systems. The introduction of biodiesel or other biofuels in the engine operation is considered to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, these alternative fuels can affect the performance of the post-combustion systems due to the variability they introduce in the exhaust particle distribution and their particular physical properties. Bioceramic materials made from vegetal waste are characterized by having an orthotropic hierarchical microstructure, which can be tailored in some way to optimize the filtration mechanisms as a function of the particle distribution of the combustion gases. Consequently, they can be good candidates to cope with the variability that new biofuel blends introduce in the engine operation. The objective of this work is to predict the filtration performance of a wall-flow particulate filter (DPF) made of biomorphic silicon carbide (bioSiC) with a systematic procedure that allows to eventually fit different fuel inputs. For this purpose; a well-validated DPF model available as commercial software has been chosen and adapted to the specific microstructural features of bioSiC. Fitting the specific filtration and permeability parameters of this biomaterial into the model; the filtration efficiency and pressure drop of the filter are predicted with sufficient accuracy during the loading test. The results obtained through this study show the potential of this novel DPF substrate; the material/microstructural design of which can be adapted through the selection of an optimum precursor.

show abstract

“…The automotive industry is currently confronted with the hard challenge of achieving a compromise between performance and sustainability [1]. Most research efforts are focused on further developing spark-ignited (SI) engines and the exploration of new advanced combustion modes due to their advantages in terms of pollutant emissions [2]. In both concepts, knocking combustion is a major drawback to achieving higher thermal efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Methodology for Knocking Combustion Analysis in Compression-Ignited Advanced Concepts

2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present work, a numerical methodology based on three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was developed to predict knock in a 2-Stroke engine operating with gasoline Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) concept. Single-cycle Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) simulations using the renormalization group (RNG) k − ε model were performed in parallel while the initial conditions are accordingly perturbed in order to imitate the variability in the in-cylinder conditions due to engine operation. Results showed a good agreement between experiment and CFD simulation with respect to cycle-averaged and deviation of the ignition timing, combustion phasing, peak pressure magnitude and location. Moreover, the numerical method was also demonstrated to be capable of predicting knock features, such as maximum pressure rise rate and knock intensity, with good accuracy. Finally, the CFD solution allowed to give more insight about in-cylinder processes that lead to the knocking combustion and its subsequent effects.In particular, PPC operated with low reacting fuels, such as gasoline, have shown encouraging results to achieve very low pollutant emissions while maintaining, or even improving, the thermal efficiency [10][11][12]. Indeed, this combustion concept operated in an innovative 2-Stroke high speed direct injection (HSDI) compression-ignited (CI) engine [13] offers a good flexibility to control the combustion timing and to extent the load range [14][15][16].This concept operates between completely premixed and fully diffusive conditions, whereby low pollutant emissions may be attained. However, to achieve these conditions while retaining an accurate combustion timing control with the injection event remains as the main drawback of this particular system when operating under transient conditions.Despite the attractive benefits of this engine system, its complexity due to the large number of parameters to be managed requires the use of optimization techniques which ensure greater flexibility, speed and lower costs than purely experimental procedures.In this framework, the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations is nowadays widely established in both the research community and the automotive industry. Here, aspects such as the simulation of turbulence and how it couples with the chemistry [17] are still the main limiting factors for reproducing the reacting flow field accurately. Since the requirements in both fields tend to differ, specially in terms of time available, the approaches used are also usually different. While in the industry sector, simulations are based on Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) turbulence modelling [18,19] and flamelet-based combustion models [20] owing its lower computational demands, the research community prefer to resort to high-fidelity combustion models and more complex turbulence schemes such as Large Eddy Simulations (LES) [21] or Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) [22].Although the industry standard tends to simplify the simulatio...

show abstract

On the Impact of Particulate Matter Distribution on Pressure Drop of Wall-Flow Particulate Filters

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Late Fuel Post-Injection Influence on the Dynamics and Efficiency of Wall-Flow Particulate Filters Regeneration

Late Fuel Post-Injection Influence on the Dynamics and Efficiency of Wall-Flow Particulate Filters Regeneration

Numerical Simulation of a Wall-Flow Particulate Filter Made of Biomorphic Silicon Carbide Able to Fit Different Fuel/Biofuel Inputs

Computational Methodology for Knocking Combustion Analysis in Compression-Ignited Advanced Concepts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About