On the influence of porous transport layers parameters on the performances of polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis cells

Pushkarev, Artem S.; Pushkareva, I. V.; Solovyev, Maksim A.; Prokop, Martin; Bystroň, Tomáš; Rajagopalan, S.; Bouzek, Karel; Grigoriev, S.A.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139436

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Kinetic overpotential can be defined from the low current densities region (10‐100 mA cm −2 , no mass transport overpotential is expected) by the Tafel fitting in the linear region:

η_{kin} = b ∙ \log ((), \frac{j}{j_{0}})

where b is the Tafel slope and

j_{0}

is the apparent current density. In turn, ohmic overpotential

η_{ohm}

can be calculated using the HFR value, and mass transport overpotential

η_{mt}

can be defined as the difference between the Tafel line and the iR‐free cell voltage 32 :

η_{mt} = E_{rev} - η_{kin} - η_{ohm}

Thus, the constituents of the cell voltage were calculated and the corresponding polarization curves breakdown can be seen in Figure S2‐S5. Averaged polarization curves for each set of samples can be seen in Figure S6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of low voltage limit on degradation mechanism during high‐frequency dynamic load in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Voronova

Kim

Jang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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With regard to the hydrogen economy, setting the criteria for the durability evaluation of renewable energy-powered proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) systems is an important milestone. In this study, accelerated stress test (AST) protocols that simulate the fluctuating power supply of renewable energy were explored. The average load was varied by changing the low voltage limit (LVL = 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, and 1.9 V) with fixation of a high voltage limit of 2.2 V. AST protocols can accurately reflect the real solar profile with various loads and high ramp rates. Protocols with the LVL = 1.4 V and LVL = 1.5 V demonstrated opposite trends even with minimal difference in LVL, resulting in positive and negative degradation slopes, respectively. The positive degradation slope (meaning performance decrease) for LVL 1.4 V is attributed to the reversal current, resulting in degradation of the cathode catalyst, which is characteristic of the fuel cell operating mode. On the contrary, a slight performance increase was observed for LVL 1.5 V, presumably caused by the thinning of the membrane and the creation of a rougher surface in the anode/membrane interface. Meanwhile, protocols with higher LVL (LVL 1.7 V and LVL 1.9 V) showed significant mass transport loss observed at voltages larger than 1.8 V. This may be attributed to severe delamination of the catalyst/membrane and/or diffuse layer/catalyst interface, presumably due to the changes in bubble nucleation and the resulting stress. The findings suggest a rational guideline for establishing a unified AST protocol applicable to renewable energy-powered PEMWE systems, and subsequent material development strategies to minimize degradation processes.

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“…Kinetic overpotential can be defined from the low current densities region (10‐100 mA cm −2 , no mass transport overpotential is expected) by the Tafel fitting in the linear region:

η_{kin} = b ∙ \log ((), \frac{j}{j_{0}})

where b is the Tafel slope and

j_{0}

is the apparent current density. In turn, ohmic overpotential

η_{ohm}

can be calculated using the HFR value, and mass transport overpotential

η_{mt}

can be defined as the difference between the Tafel line and the iR‐free cell voltage 32 :

η_{mt} = E_{rev} - η_{kin} - η_{ohm}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where b is the Tafel slope and j 0 is the apparent current density. In turn, ohmic overpotential η ohm can be calculated using the HFR value, and mass transport overpotential η mt can be defined as the difference between the Tafel line and the iR-free cell voltage 32 :…”

Section: Cell Performance Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of low voltage limit on degradation mechanism during high‐frequency dynamic load in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Voronova

Kim

Jang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…Pushkarev et al found that the reduced mass transfer loss can be obtained when the porosity of anode PTL is relatively high and that of cathode PTL is relatively low. [290] In a recent study, Bazylak et al constructed double-layer reticulated PTL to study the influence of pore size near catalyst layer (CL) on cell performance, [291] suggesting that the small pore size is more conducive to the contact between PTL and CL, which can reduce the ohmic impedance, thus improving the performance. It is necessary that the pore size must exceed the pore height to avoid gas accumulation in the pore.…”

Section: Porous Transport Layer (Ptl) and Bipolar Plates (Bpps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Chen

Guo

Pan

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

163

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“…PTLs (also called current collectors 10 ) provide electric contact between the catalytic layer and the end plate (or bipolar one in the case of a stack), as well as the porous media to allow liquid the anode catalyst layer (CL) and removal of the gaseous H 2 and O 2 from the cathode and anode sides, respectively. 11 However, the harsh acidic media associated with PEMs and the high applied cell voltage (≥2 V) necessitate the use of distinctive materials. Only a few scarce and expensive materials are suitable as key catalysts (e.g., Pt, Ir, or Ru 12 ), porous transport layers (PTLs)/current collectors (Ti), 13 and separator (bipolar) plates (Ti), where the high costs of the latter arise from their expensive processing and protective coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrons exit from the anode to the cathode through an external power circuit, which provides the driving force (cell voltage) for the overall reaction. PTLs (also called current collectors) provide electric contact between the catalytic layer and the end plate (or bipolar one in the case of a stack), as well as the porous media to allow liquid H 2 O transport to the anode catalyst layer (CL) and removal of the gaseous H 2 and O 2 from the cathode and anode sides, respectively …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supported Ir-Based Oxygen Evolution Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis: A Minireview

2022

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Renewable energy sources are considered to play a key role in the future energy mix, with hydrogen being an important energy carrier as a long-term energy storage option. Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis (WE) allows the relatively quick and convenient production of pure hydrogen from only water and electricity; thus it is considered as one of the most practical ways to consume renewable energy for green hydrogen production. The efficiency of water splitting largely depends on the intrinsic activity, selectivity, and stability of the oxygen evolution electrocatalysts, currently based on noble metals (e.g., Ir or Ru), for PEM technology. The utilization of various support materials has been proposed for decreasing the noble metal loading, reducing costs of the technology, and enhancing the catalytic activity and durability. This minireview addresses recent advances and research prospects in the area of Ir-based supported oxygen evolution catalysts. Besides addressing the intrinsic activity and durability of the supported catalysts, consideration is given to their applications in PEM WE cells. It concludes with mention of challenges and future perspectives.

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On the influence of porous transport layers parameters on the performances of polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis cells

Cited by 42 publications

References 63 publications

Effect of low voltage limit on degradation mechanism during high‐frequency dynamic load in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Effect of low voltage limit on degradation mechanism during high‐frequency dynamic load in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Advances in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers

Supported Ir-Based Oxygen Evolution Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis: A Minireview

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