On the Inside State of the Lumpy Zone of Blast Furnace

Shimomura, Yasuto; Nishikawa, Kiyoshi; Arino, Shunsuke; Katayama, Tsutomu; Hida, Yukihiro; Isoyama, Tadashi

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.62.5_547

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…18) Studies of dissected blast furnaces have shown that the distribution of the reduction degree varies between blast furnaces and is dependent on the operating conditions. 19,20) High water vapor concentration in the upper BF shaft area can have an effect on the reduction reactions and the utilization of the BF gas, since the H2 and CO2 concentrations increase and H2O and CO concentrations decrease through the WGSR, respectively. A study made by Nogami et al (2012) on sinter reduction showed that a small addition of H2 in the reducing gas increases the reduction rate of hematite but a further H2 increase starts to decrease the reduction rate at 500°C.…”

Section: Considerations About the Effects Of The Wgsr Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-gas Shift Reaction in an Olivine Pellet Layer in the Upper Part of Blast Furnace Shaft

et al. 2014

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In order to reduce CO2 emissions in the iron and steel industry, the utilization of H2 gas as a reducing agent is a feasible option. The use of hydrogen bearing injectants in the lower blast furnace (BF) area increases H2O concentration in the upper part of the BF shaft and the charging of moist burden has a similar effect as well. For efficient BF operation, it is important to investigate the effect of high H2 and therefore high H2O concentrations in the reducing gas. This study focuses on the upper BF shaft area where hematite to magnetite reduction takes place and temperature is in the range of the forward water-gas shift reaction (WGSR). The effect of the WGSR on the composition of the reducing gas was estimated by experimental methods. A layer furnace (LF) was used to determine the temperature for the occurrence of the WGSR under simulated BF shaft conditions. The feed gas conversion was investigated in an olivine pellet layer. The WGSR was observed in an empty LF with CO-H2O-N2 gas at 500°C. With CO-CO2-H2O-N2 gas the WGSR was observed in an olivine pellet layer at 400-450°C and in a pre-reduced magnetite pellet layer at 300-400°C indicating the catalyzing effect of magnetite on the WGSR. The results offer additional information about the effect of high H2O concentration on the composition of the reducing gas through the WGSR. The occurrence of the WGSR in the actual BF and its effects were discussed.

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Section: Considerations About the Effects Of The Wgsr Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-gas Shift Reaction in an Olivine Pellet Layer in the Upper Part of Blast Furnace Shaft

et al. 2014

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“…The findings of the work could be divided into several sections, namely discoveries in the stack region, the bosh, and the hearth [7][8][9]. Bosley and his colleagues found that the burden in the furnace had decrepitated [2].…”

Section: Details Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the Another observation of the stack was the asymmetrical descent of the burden [7]. This is largely due to the non-uniform combustion rate of coke at each tuyere and the uneven flow resistance of the burden.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…O. Tajima in his report, submitted to the 54th Committee of Ironmaking of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) in 1978, suggested that this difference is due to the fluidization of the middle portion of the coke layer following a change in the top gas flow distribution when an ore layer of lesser gas permeability was charged [4]. Another observation of the stack was the asymmetrical descent of the burden [7]. This is largely due to the non-uniform combustion rate of coke at each tuyere and the uneven flow resistance of the burden.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Dissection of Quenched Blast Furnaces—Spanning from the Early 1950s to the 1970s

Zhang

2016

Processes

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Since its invention until the 1950s, the iron blast furnace was viewed as a strange 'black box'. Its operation was largely empirical and much of the information needed for monitoring and control of the process was yet to be known. More complete information was needed concerning the process such as the reduction of iron-bearing raw materials, the distribution of materials throughout the stack, the size, location, and structure of the fusion zone, and the transfer of silicon, sulfur, and carbon to the slag and metal. Hence, to obtain a better understanding of the blast furnace process, some iron-makers came up with the idea of quenching the contents of the furnace following normal operations. This was done in a neutral nitrogen atmosphere. The quenched contents were then sampled for analysis. Thus, this paper was written to discuss such works, spanning from the early 1950s to the 1970s. Care has been taken to include most of their findings and readers who have a fair amount of iron-making knowledge should be able to see and understand the in-furnace phenomena as the 'black box' unfolds itself. Most of the text will be focused on two important studies into the matter, the first being the U.S. Bureau of Mines case in 1959 and the next being the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan (ISIJ) studies in the 1970s. The contribution of these works to modern day blast furnace operation is also discussed in the paper.

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“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Recently, discrete element model (DEM) is applied to the development of the burden distribution control by the improvement of the ability of computing machinery. [15][16][17] Where future raw material quality is concerned, high quality iron ore has been largely depleted, and atomization, high SiO 2 , and high Al 2 O 3 of iron ore are predicted.…”

Section: Development Of Control Techniques For Mixing Small Coke At Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Control Techniques for Mixing Small Coke at Bell-less Top Blast Furnace

Murao¹,

Kashihara²,

Oyama³

et al. 2015

ISIJ Int.

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On the Inside State of the Lumpy Zone of Blast Furnace

Cited by 40 publications

References 1 publication

Water-gas Shift Reaction in an Olivine Pellet Layer in the Upper Part of Blast Furnace Shaft

Water-gas Shift Reaction in an Olivine Pellet Layer in the Upper Part of Blast Furnace Shaft

A Review on the Dissection of Quenched Blast Furnaces—Spanning from the Early 1950s to the 1970s

Development of Control Techniques for Mixing Small Coke at Bell-less Top Blast Furnace

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