On the low- and high-velocity impact behaviour of hybrid composite materials at room and extreme temperature

Abstract

A demand raised is how to improve the survivability of aircraft and naval structures concerning low- and high-velocity impacts. Since fundamental failure is due to mainly by fracture, a fundamental understanding of both mechanisms and mechanics of the material is crucial. It is important to understand the deformation and damage mechanisms involved in the impact to improve the design of composite structures. Several approaches have been exploited to improve the impact damage resistance of composite laminates in different conditions. Among these, the development of composite laminates stacking different fibres in the same matrix results very interestingly. This paper deals to investigate on the high and low speed impact performance of hybrid composite configurations made of glass/carbon and basalt fibres. Low-velocity impact at penetration and high speed tests at different impact velocity were carried out at the room and low temperatures to evaluate the goodness of hybridization proposed and the temperature effect on the composite performances. Among the three proposals, a hybrid basalt carbon configuration was identified as the best both at low speeds and at high impact speeds for both temperatures tested.

A Review of Delamination Damage of Composite Materials

“…The application conditions and environment of fiber-reinforced composites warrant meticulous attention. Elements like pronounced temperature changes [43,44], high radiation levels [45,46], hygroscopic effects [47] and various environmental factors [48] might prompt resin movement, deteriorate both fibers and resin or trigger material stress shifts, culminating in composite delamination. The sources of delamination can be ruptures of the fiber layer [49]; intralayer cracks along the entire thickness of the layer along the fibers [50], especially the intersection of such cracks in adjacent layers [51]; and mutual rotations of adjacent layers with different reinforcement directions [52].…”

Experimental investigation on the effects of stainless-steel mesh reinforcing layers on low-velocity impact response of hybrid thermoplastic glass fiber composites

“…26 Nowadays, hybrid metallic composites are increasingly acknowledged, mainly due to their elasto-plastic energyabsorbing characteristic, which improves impact penetration threshold. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Aluminium layers and core structures used to manufacture hybrid composite laminates and sandwich panels showed their capability of improving the impact response even against high-speed ballistic projectiles. [34][35][36] Using thin wire stainless-steel fibers can potentially reinforce the composite laminates under various loading scenarios.…”

Low-speed impact of glass/Kevlar hybrid composites: Experimental results and numerical verification

“…Composite materials are one of the most popular materials for lightweight ships, that are mostly used in high-speed ships and military ships. [1][2][3] Composite materials are sensitive to low-speed impact, and the back impact surface may form almost invisible impact damage if the impact surface is not damaged. In addition to delamination, impact damage also includes matrix cracking and fiber fracture, which may lead to serious degradation of mechanical properties of composites.…”