“…Remarkable examples of (1) are the matrix equations X k = A, e X = A, and Xe X = A, which define the matrix kth root [22,16], the matrix logarithm [1], and the matrix Lambert W function [8], respectively. Existence and finiteness of real and complex solutions to (1) are discussed, along with other properties of this matrix equation, in the excellent treatise by Evard and Uhlig [7]. In order to better understand the computational properties of the matrices that satisfy (1), it is useful to distinguish the solutions that can be written as a polynomial of A, or primary solutions, from those that cannot, called nonprimary.…”