The design of large dependable multiprocessor systems requires quick and precise mechanisms for detecting the faulty nodes. The system-level fault diagnosis is the process of identifying faulty processors in a system through testing. This paper shows that the largest connected component of the survival graph contains almost all remaining vertices in the hierarchical hypercube HHC n when the number of faulty vertices is up to two or three times of the traditional connectivity. Based on this fault resiliency, we establish that the conditional diagnosability of HHC n (n = 2 m + m, m ≥ 2) under the comparison model is 3m − 2, which is about three times of the traditional diagnosability.