On the Nanoscale Electromechanical Wireless Communication in the VHF Band

Abstract

Electromagnetic communication at the nanoscale has, to date, been studied in either the very high frequency (VHF) (30-300 MHz) or in the TeraHertz band (0.1-10 THz). The main focus of this paper is on electromagnetic communication in the VHF band and determining the bit error rate (BER) performance of nanoscale receivers utilizing a carbon nanotube (CNT). To determine BER performance, statistical characterization of an average-level detector output is obtained for two different receiver configurations: nanotube receiver, and tunneling nanotube receiver. For the nanotube receiver, the linear component not considered in the previous studies is included and shown to significantly affect the variance of the detector output and, also, exact analysis is performed with some significant differences to previous approximations. The tunneling nanotube receiver, for which no statistical characterization has been done to date, is analyzed. Extensive simulation studies are presented to confirm the accuracy of the theoretical results provided for the distribution of the average-level detector output. The feasible communication distances are investigated based on the BER performance by using realistic system parameters. The results reveal the potential usage of the VHF band in nanonetworks and highlight the importance of maximizing the charge at the CNT tip.

Packet routing in 3D nanonetworks: A lightweight, linear-path scheme

“…Molecular absorption due to the air (absorption coefficient K [9]) and shadow fading (X coefficient in dB [13]) are taken into account. The Signal to Interference plus Noise (SINR) model is used to deduce the success of a packet reception [8,14]. The transmission power was chosen to ensure that each zone comprises approximately 15 nodes.…”

Generalized Thin-Wire Hybrid VFETD/FDTD Schemes for Nanocomposite and Graphene Applications

“…blue line: Proposed method green dash-dot: Reference[4] red dash: FDTD (620×620×414) blue line: Proposed method (K = 3, M = 2) green circles: Reference solution[4] red dash-dot line: FDTD (536×536×372) black dash line: FDTD (418×418×284)Ez (V/m) Hz (A/m)Hρ (Α/m) Hφ (A/m) (a) Cross-section of a circularly-shielded dual-plane nanocomposite waveguide with three graphene sheets, (b) maximum global error a function of mesh resolution, and (c) return loss with regard to frequency. (a) A rectangular cavity with an elliptic aperture on a finite-sized graphene layer and two thin-wire nanoantennas, (b) radiation pattern of the second antenna at φ = 150 ο (red-dash line: proposed method for L = 4; blue circles: measured data[8]; black straight line: FDTD technique), and (c) axial ratio and gain of the second nanoantenna.…”