On the nature of CF bonds in various fluorinated carbon materials: XPS and TEM investigations

Tressaud, A.; Moguet, F.; Flandrois, S.; Chambon, M.; Guímon, C.; Nanse, G.; Papirer, E.; Gupta, Vinay; Bahl, Om P.

doi:10.1016/0022-3697(96)00343-5

Cited by 100 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Table 1 summarizes the defect density and the ratios of covalently bonded to ionically bonded fluorine for the different fluorination conditions as determined from the STM images. These results can be compared with previous investigations that probed the nature of the C-F bond through nonlocal techniques such as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (29) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (30). The defect density demonstrates that the amount of fluorine reacted with the graphite is highly temperature-dependent, which is in good agreement with previous studies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Nanoscale imaging of chemical interactions: Fluorine on graphite

Kelly

Mickelson²,

Hauge³

et al. 2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Using C60-functionalized scanning tunneling microscope tips, we have investigated the adsorption of fluorine on graphite. Based on characteristics of the accompanying electron standing waves, we are able to distinguish the fluorine adatoms that have bonded ionically to the graphite surface from those that have formed covalent bonds with the surface. This result permits determination of the ratio of ionic to covalent C-F bonds on graphite obtained by gas phase fluorination, which seems to be temperatureindependent between 200 and 300°C under the reaction conditions used.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Nanoscale imaging of chemical interactions: Fluorine on graphite

Kelly

Mickelson²,

Hauge³

et al. 2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Oxidation and fluorination form numerous functional groups that appear in PES spectra as lower kinetic energy peaks due to their high binding energies compared to planar carbon. [25][26][27][28][29] Functionalization of graphene planes by oxygen-or fluorine-containing species may also force planar carbon atoms to a tetrahedral configuration. 30 Total electron yield, C K-edge, near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) measurements, not shown here, did not indicate any significant restructuring of the pores upon surface functionalization at these temperatures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoemission studies of fluorine functionalized porous graphitic carbon

Ganegoda¹,

Jensen²,

Olive³

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inPhysically and chemically stable ionic liquid-infused textured surfaces showing excellent dynamic omniphobicity APL Mat. 2, 056108 (2014); 10.1063/1.4876636 Thermal grafting of fluorinated molecular monolayers on doped amorphous silicon surfacesPorous graphitic carbon (PGC) has unique properties desirable for liquid chromatography applications when used as a stationary phase. The polar retention effect on graphite (PREG) allows efficient separation of polar and non-polar solutes. Perfluorinated hydrocarbons however lack polarizabilty and display strong lipo-and hydrophobicity, hence common lipophilic and hydrophilic analytes have low partition coefficiency in fluorinated stationary phases. Attractive interaction between fluorinated stationary phase and fluorinated analytes results in strong retention compared to non-fluorinated analytes. In order to change the selectivities of PGC, it is necessary to develop a bonded PGC stationary phase. In this study, we have synthesized perfluorinated, PGC using hepatadecafluoro-1-iodooctane, under different temperature conditions. Surface functionalization of the raw material was studied using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). Results indicate the existence of fluorine containing functional groups, ÀCF, ÀCF 2 along with an intercalated electron donor species. Multiple oxygen functional groups were also observed, likely due to the presence of oxygen in the starting material. These oxygen species may be responsible for significant modifications to planer and tetrahedral carbon ratios.

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“…Assuming that carbon fibers are composed of onion skin and ordered graphite layers [24], the graphitic framework is relatively rigid and can resist intercalation or bulk fluorination under mild oxyfluorination conditions. The slight change of the morphology of the oxyfluorinated fibers is not due to the formation of covalent graphite fluoride, but to the partial formation of stage 1 CF x with a physical C-F bonding at 688.1 eV [25,26].…”

Section: Structural Properties Of Oxyfluorinated Carbon Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%