On the nature of the input in optimality theory

Heck, Fabian; Müller, Gereon; Vogel, Ralf; Fischer, Susann; Vikner, Sten; Schmid, Tanja

doi:10.1515/tlir.2002.003

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The function GEN, in a bilingual framework, mixes the linguistic items from the two lexicons in all possible permutations generating a candidate set of potential outputs (surface structures) that is subject to the function EVAL (Evaluator). The function CON, a set of universal constraints on CS, feeds into the function EVAL -a set of language-pair specific ranked constraints used to evaluate -that selects the optimal (contextually most appropriate) output from the competing candidate outputs of GEN. We believe, much in the spirit of Heck, Müller, Vogel, Fischer, Vikner & Schmid (2002), that (unlike phonology) the sociocognitive constraints of CS apply to outputs of GEN. This is schematized in Figure 1.…”

Section: Code-switching and Optimal Grammarsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual language use

Bhatt

Bolonyai

2011

Bilingualism

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Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1366728910000295How to cite this article: RAKESH M. BHATT and AGNES BOLONYAI (2011). Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual language use.In this article, we provide a framework of bilingual grammar that offers a theoretical understanding of the socio-cognitive bases of code-switching in terms of five general principles that, individually or through interaction with each other, explain how and why specific instances of code-switching arise. We provide cross-linguistic empirical evidence to claim that these general sociolinguistic principles, stated as socio-cognitive constraints on code-switching, characterize multi-linguistic competence in so far as they are able to show how "local" functions of code-switching arise as specific instantiations of these "global" principles, or (products of) their interactions.* We would like to express our special thanks and gratitude to the anonymous reviewers for their insightful suggestions and constructive comments. We also thank the editors for their assistance. We are particularly grateful to Carmen Silva-Corvalán for her invaluable advice and continued support. Ewa Jaworska deserves special thanks for her copy-editing work. We would also like to acknowledge Tímea Kovács for her assistance with the transcription of the Hungarian-English data. The authors are listed in alphabetical order.

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Section: Code-switching and Optimal Grammarsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual language use

Bhatt

Bolonyai

2011

Bilingualism

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“…As we pointed out in §3,Heck et al (2002) claim that inputs and faithfulness constraints need not play a rôle in OT syntax, at least within implementations allied to GB or Minimalism; by implication, they adhere to the Katz-Postal Hypothesis for GEN. We note, however, that Heck et al do not address the arguments related to ineffability.…”

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confidence: 97%

Markedness in phonology and in syntax: the problem of grounding

Bermúdez-Otero¹,

Börjars²

2006

Lingua

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“…A notorious problem, particularly in OT syntax, is the question of what exactly should be considered the input. A discussion of this question can be found in Heck et al (2002). In my own analysis (Sect.…”

Section: Some Background On Ot(-syntax)mentioning

confidence: 95%

An OT analysis of do-support across varieties of German

Weber

2018

J Comp German Linguistics

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Just like most varieties of West Germanic, virtually all varieties of German use a construction in which a cognate of the English verb do (standard German tun) functions as an auxiliary and selects another verb in the bare infinitive, a construction known as do-periphrasis or do-support. The present paper provides an Optimality Theoretic (OT) analysis of this phenomenon. It builds on a previous analysis by Bader and Schmid (An OT-analysis of do-support in Modern German, 2006) but (i) extends it from root clauses to subordinate clauses and (ii) aims to capture all of the major distributional patterns found across (mostly non-standard) varieties of German. In so doing, the data are used as a testing ground for different models of German clause structure. At first sight, the occurrence of do in subordinate clauses, as found in many varieties, appears to support the standard CP-IP-VP analysis of German. In actual fact, however, the full range of data turn out to challenge, rather than support, this model. Instead, I propose an analysis within the IP-less model by Haider (Deutsche Syntax-generativ. Vorstudien zur Theorie einer projektiven Grammatik, Narr, Tübingen, 1993 et seq.). In sum, the do-support data will be shown to have implications not only for the analysis of clause structure but also for the OT constraints commonly assumed to govern the distribution of do, for the theory of non-projecting words (Toivonen in Non-projecting words, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2003) as well as research on grammaticalization.

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On the nature of the input in optimality theory

Abstract: The input has two main functions in optimality theory (Prince and Smolensky (1993)

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual language use

Code-switching and the optimal grammar of bilingual language use

Markedness in phonology and in syntax: the problem of grounding

An OT analysis of do-support across varieties of German

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